Question

An open reading frame contains 333 nucleotides The number of amino acids in protein synthesized from ORF will be?​

Answer 1

Answer:

In molecular genetics, an open reading frame (ORF) is the part of a reading frame that has the ability to be translated. An ORF is a continuous stretch of codons that begins with a start codon (usually AUG) and ends at a stop codon (usually UAA, UAG or UGA).[1] An ATG codon (AUG in terms of RNA) within the ORF (not necessarily the first) may indicate where translation starts. The transcription termination site is located after the ORF, beyond the translation stop codon. If transcription were to cease before the stop codon, an incomplete protein would be made during translation.[2] In eukaryotic genes with multiple exons, introns are removed and exons are then joined together after transcription to yield the final mRNA for protein translation. In the context of gene finding, the start-stop definition of an ORF therefore only applies to spliced mRNAs, not genomic DNA, since introns may contain stop codons and/or cause shifts between reading frames. An alternative definition says that an ORF is a sequence that has a length divisible by three and is bounded by stop codons[3][4]. This more general definition can also be useful in the context of transcriptomics and/or metagenomics, where start and/or stop codon may not be present in the obtained sequences. Such an ORF corresponds to parts of a gene rather than the complete gene.

Answer 2

Explanation:

Once transcription and processing of rRNAs, tRNAs and snRNAs are completed, the RNAs are ready to be used in the cell ‑ assembled into ribosomes or snRNPs and used in splicing and protein synthesis.  But the mature mRNA is not yet functional to the cell.  It must be translated into the encoded protein.  The rules for translating from the "language" of nucleic acids to that of proteins is the genetic code. Experiments testing the effects of frameshift mutations showed that the deletion or addition of 1 or 2 nucleotides caused a loss of function, whereas deletion or addition of 3 nucleotides allowed retention of considerable function.  This demonstrated that the coding unit is 3 nucleotides.  The nucleotide triplet that encodes an amino acid is called a codon.  Each group of three nucleotides encodes one amino acid.  Since there are 64 combinations of 4 nucleotides taken three at a time and only 20 amino acids, the code is degenerate (more than one codon per amino acid, in most cases).  The adaptor molecule for translation is tRNA.  A charged tRNA has an amino acid at one end, and at the other end it has an anticodon for matching a codon in the mRNA; ie. it "speaks the language" of nucleic acids at one end and the "language" of proteins at the other end.  The machinery for synthesizing proteins under the direction of template mRNA is the ribosome.