Anamolus behavior of nitrogen and oxygen?
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according to me the anomalous Behavior of Oxygen:- Like the usual trend of P-block elements, oxygen, the first member of gp. 16 differ from rest of the members of this group. The anomalous behavior of oxygen is due to the following properties:-
(i) Small size.
(ii) High electronegativity.
(iii) Non-availability of d-orbitals in the valency shell.
Points of difference
(i) Oxygen is a diatomic gas while others are complex solids.
(ii) Oxygen is highly non-metallic due to high value of electronegativity.
(iii) Oxygen is O2-ion very easily; the di-negative anions of other members are less common.
(iv) Oxygen exhibits an oxidation state of -2 only except in OF2 where it has +2 state and peroxides where it has 1 state whereas rest all members show +4 and +6 oxidation states in addition to +2 oxidation state.
(v) Oxygen molecule is highly stable because the two atoms are held together by fairly strong multiple bond having bond energy quite high. Thus ordinary oxygen is not active under ordinary conditions.
(vi) Oxygen molecule is paramagnetic in nature in gaseous, liquid and solid states and has two unpaired electrons. Rest all are diamagnetic.
(vii) Hydrogen bonding is present in water and may other compounds of oxygen due to high electronegativity of oxygen.
(viii) Oxygen is the most abundant element on this planet.
(ix) Oxygen is capable of forming P?-P? bonds with other elements of smaller size like carbon, nitrogen etc. the other members of this group do not show the tendency to exhibit such multiple bonding.
And analomaus behavior of nitrogen is....
omalous Behavior of Nitrogen:- Nitrogen, the first member of group 15, differs from others group members because of :-
i) Small size of N atom.
ii) High value of electronegativity of N atom and high ionization energy.
iii) Absence of d-orbitals in the valency shell.
iv) Tendency of form multipole bonds.
The properties in which nitrogen differs from other members of 15 groups are listed below.
i) Nitrogen is gas while others members are solids.
ii) Nitrogen molecule is diatomic while other elements from teratomic molecules such as p4, As4 and Sb4.
iii) The catenation property is more pronounced in nitrogen.
iv) Nitrogen forms five oxides of monomeric nature. Others can form at the most three types of oxides, X4O6, X4O10 of dimeric nature. N2O4 exists in dimeric from and is diamagnetic.
v) Hydride of nitrogen is stable while the hydrides of other elements are not stable and acts as reducing agent. Hydrogen bonding is present in ammonia but not present in other hydrides.
vi) Expect NF3, the halides of nitrogen are unstable and explosive. The halides of other elements are stable. Unlike P, as and Sb, nitrogen does not form pentahalides.
(i) Small size.
(ii) High electronegativity.
(iii) Non-availability of d-orbitals in the valency shell.
Points of difference
(i) Oxygen is a diatomic gas while others are complex solids.
(ii) Oxygen is highly non-metallic due to high value of electronegativity.
(iii) Oxygen is O2-ion very easily; the di-negative anions of other members are less common.
(iv) Oxygen exhibits an oxidation state of -2 only except in OF2 where it has +2 state and peroxides where it has 1 state whereas rest all members show +4 and +6 oxidation states in addition to +2 oxidation state.
(v) Oxygen molecule is highly stable because the two atoms are held together by fairly strong multiple bond having bond energy quite high. Thus ordinary oxygen is not active under ordinary conditions.
(vi) Oxygen molecule is paramagnetic in nature in gaseous, liquid and solid states and has two unpaired electrons. Rest all are diamagnetic.
(vii) Hydrogen bonding is present in water and may other compounds of oxygen due to high electronegativity of oxygen.
(viii) Oxygen is the most abundant element on this planet.
(ix) Oxygen is capable of forming P?-P? bonds with other elements of smaller size like carbon, nitrogen etc. the other members of this group do not show the tendency to exhibit such multiple bonding.
And analomaus behavior of nitrogen is....
omalous Behavior of Nitrogen:- Nitrogen, the first member of group 15, differs from others group members because of :-
i) Small size of N atom.
ii) High value of electronegativity of N atom and high ionization energy.
iii) Absence of d-orbitals in the valency shell.
iv) Tendency of form multipole bonds.
The properties in which nitrogen differs from other members of 15 groups are listed below.
i) Nitrogen is gas while others members are solids.
ii) Nitrogen molecule is diatomic while other elements from teratomic molecules such as p4, As4 and Sb4.
iii) The catenation property is more pronounced in nitrogen.
iv) Nitrogen forms five oxides of monomeric nature. Others can form at the most three types of oxides, X4O6, X4O10 of dimeric nature. N2O4 exists in dimeric from and is diamagnetic.
v) Hydride of nitrogen is stable while the hydrides of other elements are not stable and acts as reducing agent. Hydrogen bonding is present in ammonia but not present in other hydrides.
vi) Expect NF3, the halides of nitrogen are unstable and explosive. The halides of other elements are stable. Unlike P, as and Sb, nitrogen does not form pentahalides.
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