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The Kolbe electrolysis or Kolbe reaction is an organic reaction named after Hermann Kolbe.[1][2] The Kolbe reaction is formally a decarboxylative dimerisation of two carboxylic acids (or carboxylate ions) The overall general reaction is:
If a mixture of two different carboxylates are used, all combinations of them are generally seen as the organic product structures:
3 R1COO− + 3 R2COO− → R1−R1 + R1−R2 + R2−R2 + 6 CO2 + 6 e−
The reaction mechanism involves a two-stage radical process: electrochemical decarboxylation gives a radical intermediate, then two such intermediates combine to form a covalent bond.[3] As an example, electrolysis of acetic acid yields ethane and carbon dioxide:
CH3COOH → CH3COO− → CH3COO· → CH3· + CO22CH3· → CH3CH3
If a mixture of two different carboxylates are used, all combinations of them are generally seen as the organic product structures:
3 R1COO− + 3 R2COO− → R1−R1 + R1−R2 + R2−R2 + 6 CO2 + 6 e−
The reaction mechanism involves a two-stage radical process: electrochemical decarboxylation gives a radical intermediate, then two such intermediates combine to form a covalent bond.[3] As an example, electrolysis of acetic acid yields ethane and carbon dioxide:
CH3COOH → CH3COO− → CH3COO· → CH3· + CO22CH3· → CH3CH3
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