Question

Aneuploidy of chromosomes in human beings results in certain disorders. Draw out the possibilities of the karyotype in common disorders of this kind in human beings and its consequences in individuals.

Answer 1

1st:- down's syndrome

      condition:- 47+xx or 47+xy

      due to trisomy of 21st chromosomes

      the person in this is short satured
      protruding mouth
2nd:- turner's syndrome

      condition:- 46+xo

       sterile female
      rudimentry overies
3rd:- klienfelter's syndrome

       condition:-46+xxy

    sterile male
 gynecomastia

Answer 2

Hello friends,

◆ Aneuploidy -

Aneuploidy is the presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell.

In humans, there are total 46 chromosomes. Any deviation from this results in aneuploidy.

(1) Hyperploidy -

• Increase in total number of chromosomes.
• For example, sex chromosome trsomy.

Klinefelter's syndrome

• Karyotype - 44 + XXY
• C/f - breast enlargement, less body hair, infertility, osteoporosis, etc.

Down syndrome

• Karyotype - trisommy 21
• C/f - mental retardation, webbing of neck, flat facies, congenital defects.

(2) Hypoploidy -

• Decrease in total number of chromosomes.
• For example, sex chromosome monosomy.

Turner's syndrome

• Karyotype - 44 + XO
• C/f - short stature, delayed puberty, infertility, heart diseases, etc.

Hope this helped you.