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1) a2 = a+d = 13 eq (1)
a4 = a+3d = 3 eq (2)
Subtracting a as like terms and changing the signs of lower terms
-2d = 10
Therefore d = - 5
Substitute in eq 1
a + (-5)=13 ( shifting - 5 to right hand side it becomes +5)
A = 17
Therefore a1 = a = 17
A3 = a +2d
17+2(-5) = 17+(-10) = 7
2) a1 = a = - 4 - eq 1
a6 = a + 5d = 6 - eq 2
Cancelling a as like terms and changing the signs of lower terms
-5d = - 10
D = 2
a2 = a + d = - 4+2 = - 2
a3 = a+2d = - 4 + 2(2) = - 4 +(4) = 0
a4 = a + 3d = - 4 + 3(2) = -4+6 = 2
a5 = a + 4d = - 4 + 4(2) = - 4+8 = 4
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