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Answers
Explanation:
Define the following
1. Cleaning agents
a substance for cleaning the teeth; applied with a toothbrush. detergent. a cleansing agent that differs from soap but can also emulsify oils and hold dirt in suspension. shampoo. cleansing agent consisting of soaps or detergents used for washing the hair.
Answer:
1) define the following
a) Cleansing agents are substances we use to get rid of stains, dust, foul smells, dirt etc from surfaces. These are the chemicals we use to decrease the surface tension on planes so that water can properly do its
b) Food preservation includes food processing practices which prevent the growth of microorganisms, such as yeasts, and slow the oxidation of fats that cause rancidity.
c) Food processing is the transformation of agricultural products into food, or of one form of food into other forms. Food processing includes many forms of processing foods, from grinding grain to make raw flour to home cooking to complex industrial methods used to make convenience foods.
d) Cosmetics are constituted mixtures of chemical compounds derived from either natural sources, or synthetically .
e) An antacid is a substance which neutralizes stomach acidity and is used to relieve heartburn, indigestion or an upset stomach. Some antacids have been used in the treatment of constipation and diarrhea. Currently marketed antacids contain salts of aluminum, calcium, magnesium, or sodium.
f) An antipyretic (/ˌæntipaɪˈrɛtɪk/, from anti- 'against' and pyretic 'feverish') is a substance that reduces fever. Antipyretics cause the hypothalamus to override a prostaglandin-induced increase in temperature. The body then works to lower the temperature, which results in a reduction in fever.
give reason
a) Like salt water also has an osmotic effect i.e. when foods are placed in a concentrated sugar solution water is drawn out of the cells of foods and microorganisms so that microorganisms can no longer survive. ... Sugar is also used with salt to preserve certain foods especially fish and meat.
b) Detergents are better cleansing agents than soaps because they can be used even with hard water. The charged ends of detergents do not form insoluble precipitates with calcium and magnesium ions in hard water. ... Detergents have a stronger cleansing action than soaps and are more soluble in water than soaps.
c)
d) Pasteurisation makes sure milk is safe to drink (by killing any bacteria) and also helps to prolong its shelf life. The process of pasteurisation involves heating milk to 71.7°C for at least 15 seconds (and no more than 25 seconds).
Answer brief
a) What is the difference between soap and detergent? Soaps are the sodium salts of carboxylic acids in long chains. Sodium salts of long-chain benzene sulphonic acids are detergents. ... Soaps have relatively weak cleaning action, whereas detergents have a strong cleaning effect.
b) Talcum Powder Chemical Composition
Talcum powder is comprised of magnesium, silicon, oxygen, and hydrogen. The chemical formula for talc is Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂.
c) For example- Benzoates, sulphates, Propionates, Nitrates, and Sorbates. These artificial preservatives can either be added to the food or sprayed on it. -Other examples of food preservatives are Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT) and Butylated Hydroxy Anisole (BHA).
d) 330. Food processing and preparation activities cover three main fields: (1) the preservation of foods by (a) modern methods such as refrigeration, canning and irradiation, and (b) traditional methods such as drying, salting, smoking and fermentation; (2) the development of protein - rich foods; (3) food additives.