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2.This organelle has two major functions: it stores the cell's hereditary material, or DNA, and it coordinates the cell's activities, which include growth, intermediary metabolism, protein synthesis, and reproduction (cell division). Only the cells of advanced organisms, known as eukaryotes, have a nucleus.
3.Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they are responsible for the release of energy from food ,i.e, cellular respiration. This energy is released in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the energy currency of the cell.
4.Also called the vacuolar membrane, the tonoplast is the cytoplasmic membrane surrounding a vacuole, separating the vacuolar contents from the cell's cytoplasm. Aside from storage, the main role of the central vacuole is to maintain turgor pressure against the cell wall.
5.A.The smooth endoplasmic reticulum, or smooth ER, is an organelle found in both animal cells and plant cells. An organelle is a sub-unit within a cell that has a specialized function. The main function of the smooth ER is to make cellular products like hormones and lipids.
B. SER in the liver of vertebrates helps in detoxification . It metabolizes various toxic and poisonous substances such as drugs , aspirin , insecticides , petroleum products and pollutants . These toxic substances make their entry in animal's body through food , air , and water
