ANSWER THE FOLLOWING -
1. Differentiate between an acid and a base.
2. How is soap formed? Explain the process.
3. Why do we rub baking soda when an ant bites?
4. Why the water should be treated with calcium hydroxide before dumping into the water bodies?
5. Give the 2 ways by which the salts are formed. Give reactions.
Pls help fast
Answers
Answer:
1. Acid is a kind of chemical compound that when dissolved in water gives a solution with H+ ion activity more than purified water. A base is an aqueous substance that donates electrons, accept protons or release hydroxide (OH-) ions. An acid is a proton donor.
2. The French chemist Eugene-Michel Chevreul put the soap-forming process (called in English saponification) into concrete chemical terms in 1823. In saponification, the animal fat, which is chemically neutral, splits into fatty acids, which react with alkali carbonates to form soap, leaving glycerin as a byproduct.
3. The sting of ants contains formic acid. Any acid can be neutralised by adding a base. Baking soda is a base and is capable of reversing the pain, itching and swelling caused by a bee sting
4. I don't know
5. Salt, in chemistry, substance produced by the reaction of an acid with a base. A salt consists of the positive ion (cation) of a base and the negative ion (anion) of an acid. The reaction between an acid and a base is called a neutralization reaction.
Explanation:
1) ans- A substance, mostly liquid that donates a proton or accepts an electron pair in reactions. An acid increases the concentration of H+ ions. A base is a substance that releases hydroxide (OH-) ions in aqueous solution, donates electrons and accepts protons.
2) ans -Soaps are sodium or potassium salts of long chain fatty acids. When triglycerides in fat/oil react with aqueous NaOH or KOH, they are converted into soap and glycerol. This is called alkaline hydrolysis of esters. Since this reaction leads to the formation of soap, it is called the Saponification process.
3) ans - when and bites what it basically does is injects formic acid to the the person. As because baking soda is a kind of base therefore baking soda reacts with the formic acid poison.
4) ans - Calcium hydroxide is commonly used to prepare lime mortar. One significant application of calcium hydroxide is as a flocculant, in water and sewage treatment. It forms a fluffy charged solid that aids in the removal of smaller particles from water, resulting in a clearer product.
5) ans - Salts can be obtained in the following ways :
(i) Acid reacts with base to give salt and water
HCl+KOH→KCl+H
2
O
acid base salt
(ii) Metals react with acids to form salt and give hydrogen gas
Mg+2HCl→MgCl
2
+H
2
(iii) Metallic oxide reacts with acid to form salt
CuO+2HCl→CuCl
2
+H
2
O
hope this helps you a lot dear