Question

Answer the following​

Answer 1

Answer:

1) This theory states that a significant disturbance in fluid or electrolyte balance causes the contraction of the interstitial fluid compartment around the muscles and a misfiring of nerve impulses which leads to cramping. This might be a consequence of a reduction in total body exchangeable sodium stores.

2) During inhalation, the lungs expand with air and oxygen diffuses across the lung's surface, entering the bloodstream. During exhalation, the lungs expel air and lung volume decreases. ... During exhalation, the diaphragm is relaxed which decreases the volume of the lung cavity.

3) Translocation is the movement of materials from leaves to other tissues throughout the plant. Plants produce carbohydrates (sugars) in their leaves by photosynthesis, but nonphotosynthetic parts of the plant also require carbohydrates and other organic and nonorganic materials.

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Answer 2

Answer:

1. Why do athletes sometimes suffer from muscular cramps:

If you lose a lot of water and sodium through sweating and don’t replace it, this can cause fluid shifts in the body that in turn trigger the cramps.

Muscles tend to cramp specifically when they’re overworked and fatigued due to electrical misfiring.

2. Difference between inhalation and exhalation:

Inhalation:

• Intake of air into the lungs
• Relaxation of internal intercostal muscles and contraction of external intercostal muscles

Exhalation:

• Expelling air out of the lungs
• Contraction of the internal intercostal muscles and relaxation of external intercostal muscles

3. Process of translocation:

Translocation is the movement of materials from leaves to other tissues throughout the plant. Plants produce carbohydrates (sugars) in their leaves by photosynthesis, but nonphotosynthetic parts of the plant also require carbohydrates and other organic and nonorganic materials. For this reason, nutrients are translocated from sources (regions of excess carbohydrates, primarily mature leaves) to sinks (regions where the carbohydrate is needed). Some important sinks are roots, flowers, fruits, stems, and developing leaves. Leaves are particularly interesting in this regard because they are sinks when they are young and become sources later, when they are about half grown.

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