Question

Answer the following.
(a) How does democracy produce an accountable, responsive and legitimate government?
(b) What do you mean by federalism? Discuss its main features.
(c) Write a note on Indian National Congress.

{ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY BOARD OF SECONDARY AND SENIOR SECONDARY EDUCATION, SAMPLE PAPER}

Answer 1

Ans 1:- DEMOCRACY PRODUCES AN ACCOUNTABLE GOVERNMENT :- Democracy produces accountable governments , as the people has the right in choose their representatives through the electoral process . These elected representatives form the government and participate in the decision making process on behalf of the people . If these elected representatives not work properly , people have a chance to not elect them in next election .
DEMOCRACY PRODUCES RESPONSIVE GOVERNMENT :- Democracy government are elected by the people and are responsible towards the people and parliament . These governments promote the formation of public opinion and take care of the needs and expectations of the people .
DEMOCRACY PRODUCES LEGITIMATE GOVERNMENT :- A democratic government is people's own government people wish to be ruled by representatives elected by them . They also believe that democracy is suitable for their country . Democracy ability to generate it's own support is itself an outcome that cannot be ignored .

Ans2:- In words Federalism means the two type of government I.e. state and central government .
THE MAIN FEATURES ARE
1) In this the sovereignty is given to the both government .
2) In this government the central government has major power than the state government.
3) This government is followed in some countries like India , Mexico etc ...
4) Unitary type of government is opposite of this type of government .
5) This system make a democratic country more stronger .
6) In this system lists are divided as union list , concurrent list and state list ....

Ans3:- The Indian National Congress was formed in 1885 . It was in fact the first really all-India organization . Indian Political Leaders had for sometime been thinking of such on organization .

The final shape of Indian National Congress was given by A.O.HUME a former civilian . Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee , a Bengali lawyer , was made its first President .

The first meeting of the Indian National Congress was held at Bombay in December 1885 . It's principal aim was the political and economic progress of the country .

That the National Congress was an all-India organization was proved by the fact over 400 delegates from different regions of the country were elected for its second session in 1886 which was held in Calcutta . With the founding of the Indian National Congress , India's National struggle took a new turn .

Answer 2

a) 1)The democratic political ecosystem is totally dependent on the public demands.That why the government has to be transparent about the governing procedures.That's why it is accountable.

2)As the public demand is the main concern,the democratic government is also very responsive.

3)And due to the existence of the equality law in the democratic political ecosystem,it's legitimate too.

b) Federalism is a political ideology,where the whole governing power is distributed among the various lager and smaller political governing structures.

The main features of the Federalism are:

1)It is partly democratic.

2)The election occurs in multiple stages.

3)The political powers are fairly distributed.

c)The Indian National Congress is one of the most successful and oldest political parties in our country.

It was formed during the British rule,to bring the freedom.

Eminent political personalities like, Gandhiji, Jawaharlal Nehru, Indira Gandhi etc,were from this political party.