Answer the following question
1. Why was the Battle of Plassey fought?
2. Describe the Black Hole Tragedy.
3. Why was the Battle of Buxar fought?
What were the consequences of the Battle of Buxar?
5. What is 'Dual Government'? Name the state in which it was imposed.
6. Name the powers who signed the Subsidiary Alliance and Doctrine of Lapse
7. How did the Subsidiary Alliance and Doctrine of Lapse weaken the Indian kingdom
8. Which policies led to the establishment of the British supremacy?
Answers
Answer:
1. Majorly, the reasons for the Battle of Plassey to take place were: The rampant misuse of the trade privileges given to the British by the Nawab of Bengal. Non-payment of tax and duty by the workers of the British East India Company.
2. Black Hole of Calcutta, scene of an incident on June 20, 1756, in which a number of Europeans were imprisoned in Calcutta (now Kolkata) and many died. ... Following the surrender, Holwell and the other Europeans were placed for the night in the company's local lockup for petty offenders, popularly known as the Black Hole.
3. The Battle of Buxar (1764) was the decisive battle which was fought between English Forces, and combined army of Mir Kasim the Nawab of Bengal, Nawab of Oudh Shah Alam II and Mughal Emperor. The battle was the outcome of misuse of Farman and Dastak, and also the trade expansionist aspiration of English.
4. The battle resulted in the 1765 Treaty of Allahabad, in which the Mughal Emperor surrendered sovereignty of Bengal to the British. Lord Robert Clive, the victor at the Plassey, became the first governor of Bengal. Losses: British East India Company, fewer than 1,000 casualties of 8,000; Indian states, 6,000 of 35,000.
5. Dual government was introduced by Robert Clive in Bengal in 1765 and it was continued till 1772.The Nawabs of Bengal were the rulers of the then provinces of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa between 1717 and 1765. In 1765 the system of dual Goverment was established In which the Nawads ruled on behalf of British and were mere puppets to the British.
6. Subsidiary Alliance was introduced by Lord Wellesley and Doctrine of Lapse was introduced by Lord Dalhousie.
7. In subsidiary alliance rulers of India were not allowed to have their own armed forces . They protected by the soldiers of East India company for which they had to pay high rents and idf the rulers were not able to pay rents their kingdom was taken away from them as penalty.
8. Vacuum of power: There was a vacuum of power in India after the Mughal Empire got fractured falling under its own weight.
Flag followed the trade.
Lack of unity among Indian states.
British were strong at sea.
Divide and Rule.