Answer the following questions:
1. How are nature, technology and institution interdependent on each other?
2. What are the measures taken to control land degradation in different regions of India?
3. What is soil? Why is it referred to as a living system?
4. Why resource planning is important in country like India? Explain by giving examples.
5. What is soil erosion? How does running water led soil erosion?
6. Give reason for states having-More than 80% & Less than 10% of their total area under
Net Sown Area.
7. What is resource planning? What are its different stages?
8. Explain giving examples that resources are a function of human activities.
9. Name the factors that influence land use pattern in a country?
10. Explain various measures to conserve soil.
*_PROJECT WORK_*
1. Make a project on the following topics:
a) Showing consumption and conservation of resources in your locality
b) Soli erosion and soil conservation
2. Prepare a report on Agenda 21(A4 size sheet).
*_ACTIVITY WORK_*
1. Locate and label the following items on the outline map of India with appropriate symbols:
a) Regions covered under alluvial soil
b) Regions covered
under laterite soli
c) Regions covered under black soli
2. Identify the largest producer states of the following crops and locate them on the outline map of India:
a) Sugarcane
b) Tea
c) Coffee
d) Rubber
e) Cotton
f) Jute
Answers
Answer:
1)
Therefore, all these are inter related / depended upon each other ( If one will not be their, the other can't Exist. Human beings interact with nature through technology to create institutions to accelerate their economic development. thus nature,technology and institutions are interdependent on each other.
2)
Five Measures to control land degradation are:
1/ Afforestation.
2/ Proper management of grazing to control over grazing.
3/ Planting of shelter belts of plants.
4/ Stabilization of sand dunes by growing thorny bushes.
5/ Control of mining activities.
6/ Proper discharge and disposal of industrial effluents and wastes after treatment.
3)
Soil means the uppermost layer of the earth's crust, which contains the organic as well as mineral matter necessary for the growth of plants.
Soil is a living system because it contains living organisms: plants, animals, fungi, protozoa, bacteria, archaea.
4)
Resource planning refers to the strategy for plant and judicious utilisation of resources. it is essential for India as there is enormous diversity in the availability of resources.
Example:- cold desert of lading has rich cultural heritage but is deficient in water and some strategic material.
5)
The active wearing away of soil due to natural agents like flowing water or wind is called soil erosion.
Running water washes away the topsoil and causes soil erosion, thus making the land infertile. Soil erosion is the process in which the top Soil gets removed due to rain or environmental problems.
6)
The pattern of net sown area varies greatly from one state to another. It is over 80 percent of the total area in Punjab and Haryana. Geographical conditions like climate and soil here, are favourable for cultivation. Further, due to agricultural advancement through Green Revolution,more areas have been brought under cultivation. On the other hand, less than 10 percent of the total area is net sown area in Manipur, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh and Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Topographical constraints, unfavourable climate as well as socio-economic reasons account for the low proportion of net sown areas in these states.
On account of the vast expanse of India, its relief, climate, soil and socio-economic set-up vary from region to region accounting for the variation in the pattern of net sown area from one state to another.
7)
Resource planning is a technique of proper utilisation of resources. As the resources are limited and unevenly distributed all over the country, their planning is essential.
There are three stages in resource planning.
They are : (i) Preparation of inventory of resources.
(ii) Evaluation in terms of availability for development.
(iii) Planning for exploitation of resources.
8)
1. Natural resources are present everywhere but their value comes to fore when they are used by the people.
2.Human beings interact with nature through technology to creat institutions.
2. For example, the minerals of Chota Nagpur Plateau became useful after the iron and steel industry was established in this region.
3. The river Damodar was initially termed as the 'sorrow of Bengal', but after the river was harnessed by Damodar Valley Corporation (DVC), the water of this river began to be considered as a resource.
9)
Land use is determined by the following factors: a Physical factors- Topography, relief features, climatic conditions, type of soil determines the land use pattern of a particular region.
10)
1.By planting more and more trees.
2.By making shelter belts.
3.By doing terrace farming.
4.By performing subsistence agriculture.
HOPE IT MAY HELP YOU
PROJECT AND ACTIVITY WORK YOU HAVE TO DO ON YOUR OWN.
YOU CAN ALSO TAKE THE HELP OF INTERNET.