Question

Answer the following questions:

1. What are the factors affecting flora and fauna?

2. Explain the importance of forests?

3. Explain the five major types of forests?

4. Distinguish between tropical evergreen and deciduous forests?

5. Write three steps taken by the government for the protection and conservation of great biological

diversity of Indian?

pls tell correct answer for this 5 questions ​

Answer 1

Answer: factors affecting flora and fauna are

Flora:-deforestation on a large scale

Overgrazing and judicially

Construction of dams

Forest fire

Over industrialisation and over settlement

Unplanned and un judicial government policies.

Fauna:- over hunting on a large scale

Over poaching in different countries.

Damaging their natural habitats.

Polluting the environment so that they cannot be alive.

Cutting down of forest so that they can be rushed in the human settled places.

Explanation:

Answer 2

ANSWER NO. 1

FACTORS AFFECTING FLORA AND FAUNA ARE:

1. Forests affect the temperature of the air. ...

2. Forests control floods and soil erosion by controlling the flow of rivers.

3. Forests increase the fertility of soil by adding humus formed by the decomposition of the leaves and branches of the trees.

4. Forests are natural habitat of birds and animals.

ANSWER NO. 2

The importance of forests cannot be underestimated. We depend on forests for our survival, from the air we breathe to the wood we use. Besides providing habitats for animals and livelihoods for humans, forests also offer watershed protection, prevent soil erosion and mitigate climate change.

ANSWER NO. 3

There are six types of forest:

1. Equatorial Moist Evergreen or Rainforest:This evergreen hardwood forest is the natural vegetation of low-latitude high precipitation zone. This vegetation generally occur in between 10° N. and S.

2. Tropical Deciduous Forest:In tropical monsoon region where rainfall is seasonal and a definite dry season exists, this deciduous and semi-evergreen forests are prevalent. Unlike Equatorial region, here variation of trees in different regions are much more.

3. Mediterranean Forests:Primarily found in the Mediterranean climate within 35°-45° North and South of the equator.

4. Temperate Broad-leaved Deciduous and Mixed Forest:

Rainfall all the year, minimum annual temperature over 10°C.Due to heavy rainfall, evenly distributed throughout the year, trees are evergreen, broad-leaved and hard-wood type.

5. Warm Temperate Broad-leaved Deciduous Forest:

In warm temperate region, where temperature remains above 6°C at least 6 months of the year. This forest developed in central and north-west China, Korea, Japan, New Zealand and Tasmania.

6. Coniferous Forest: In both the hemisphere 50°-70° latitude, this forest extends through Europe, Asia and North America in Northern hemisphere and Chile, Argentina and New Zealand in Southern hemisphere. In Switzerland, Sweden, Norway and Finland in Europe; North Japan, North China in Asia; C.I.S. in Eurasia and Canada. In North America this coniferous forest is known as Taiga.

ANSWER NO. 4

DECIDUOUS FORESTS

Tropical deciduous forests occur in regions with heavy rainfall for part of the year followed by a marked dry season. These forest formations are dense and lush during the wet summers, but become a dry landscape during the dry winters when most trees shed their leaves. Shedding their leaves allows trees to conserve water during dry periods.

TROPICAL EVERGREEN FOREST

These forests are restricted to heavy rainfall areas of the Western Ghats and the island groups of Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar,upper parts of Assam and Tamil Nadu coast. The trees reach great heights up to 60 metres or even above. Since the region is warm and wet throughout the year, it has a luxuriant vegetation of all kinds trees, shrubs, and creepers giving it a multilayered structure.

ANSWER NO. 5

1. The Central Government has enacted the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972.

2. The Centrally Sponsored Scheme of National Plan for Conservation of Aquatic Eco-System also provides assistance to the States for the management of wetlands including Ramsar sites in the country.

3. Wildlife Crime Control Bureau has been established for control of illegal trade in wildlife, including endangered species.

4. Wildlife Institute of India, Bombay Natural History society and Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History are some of the research organisations undertaking research on conservation of wildlife.

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