Answer the following questions.
1. Which cells undergo meiosis?
2. Give one basic difference between meiosis I and meiosis II.
3. What is the meaning of diploid chromosome number?
4. Why is the first meiotic division called reduction division?
5. Gametes for sexual reproduction must be produced by meiosis. Why?
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Answers
Answer:
1..meiosis II, division of the daughter cell produces a second polar body, and a single haploid cell, which enlarges to become an ovum. Therefore, in females each primary oocyte that undergoes meiosis results in one mature ovum and one or two polar bodies.
2...Meiosis is a way sex cells (gametes) divide. ... In meiosis I, homologous chromosomes separate, while in meiosis II, sister chromatids separate. Meiosis II produces 4 haploid daughter cells, whereas meiosis I produces 2 diploid daughter cells. Genetic recombination (crossing over) only occurs in meiosis
3...In sexually reproducing organisms, the number of chromosomes in the body (somatic) cells typically is diploid (2n; a pair of each chromosome), twice the haploid (1n) number found in the sex cells, or gametes. ... The haploid number is produced during meiosis
4..The process of meiosis involves two divisions of the genetic material. The first division is called the reduction division – or meiosis I – because it reduces the number of chromosomes from 46 chromosomes or 2n to 23 chromosomes or n (n describes a single chromosome set).
5..Gametes must be produced by meiosis for sexual reproduction because the numbers of chromosomes are reduced to half during meiosis and then the normal diploid numbers of chromosomes are regained during the process of fertilization
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