Answer the following questions:
(a)What is meant by ‘nitrogen fixation’? Which natural phenomenon occurring in the sky is responsible for nitrogen fixation?
(b) Where do Rhizobium bacteria live? What is its function?
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A) Lightning is a natural phenomenon which occurs in the sky and responsible for nitrogen fixation. The temperature and pressure during lightning convert atmospheric nitrogen into oxides of nitrogen. These nitrogen compounds combine with rain water to form nitric and nitrous acid which mix with the soil.
B) Rhizobia are special bacteria that can live in the soil or in nodules formed on the roots of legumes. In root nodules, they form a symbiotic association with the legume, obtaining nutrients from the plant and producing nitrogen in a process called biological nitrogen fixation, or BNF.
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