Question

Answer the following questions in about 150 words.
(ii) Draw a simplified diagram to show the general circulation of the
atmosphere over the globe. What are the possible reasons for the formation
of subtropical high pressure over 30o N and S latitudes?

Answer 1

Answer:

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Answer 2

Circulation of the atmosphere

Explanation:

Please find attached the diagram showing the circulation of the atmosphere.

The possible reason for the formation of subtropical high pressure over 30 degree North and South latitudes are as follows:

(i) The air at the inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ) rises because of convection caused by high insolation and a low pressure is created. To this low pressure, the winds from tropics (the Easterlies) converge. The converged air rises up to the height of 14km and moves towards the North and South Poles. This causes accumulation of air at about 30 degree North and South. Part of the accumulated air sinks to the ground and forms a subtropical high pressure.

(ii) The cooling of air when it reaches 30 degree North and South latitudes is also another reason for the sinking down below near the land surface. The air flows towards the equator as the Easterlies. The easterlies from the side of the equator converge in the ITCZ. In the middle latitude, the circulation is that of sinking cold air that comes from the poles and the rising warm air that blows from the sub-tropical high. Thus it forms the subtropical high pressure over 30 degree North and South latitudes.