Question

Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(i) What is biodiversity? Why is biodiversity important for human lives?
(ii) How have human activities affected the depletion of flora and fauna? Explain.

NCERT Class 10th Social Science (Contemporary India II) Chapter 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources

Answer 1

The answer of both section is:

(i) The variability of plant and animal life in the world, which is considered to be the important and very necessary is known as biodiversity. The biodiversity is very important for the human lives because human beings and the biodiversity help to form the ecological system necessary for our own existence.

(ii) Many human activities have affected the depletion of flora and fauna, which has resulted in the decline of biodiversity in India. Some of the reasons of this depletion are habitat destruction, pollution, deforestation, large scale developments and more. 

Answer 2

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Biodiversity➫ The number and types of plants and animals that exist in a particular area.

♦ It is the existence of a wide variety of plant and animal species living in.

♦ Greater species diversity ensures natural sustainability for all life forms.

♦ It boosts ecosystem productivity where each species, no matter how small.

➧ Types of Biodiversity are:-
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[1] Genetic Diversity:-

❱ The total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species. 

[2] Species  Diversity:-

❱ The number of different species that are represented in a given community.

[3] Ecosystem  Diversity:-

❱ The the variety of different ecosystems within an area.

➧ Some threat of Biodiversity:-
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❱ Deforestation
❱ Desertification
❱ Climate Change
❱ Marine Environment
❱ Increasing Wildlife Trade
❱ Human Activities & Loss of Habitat

➧ Importance of Biodiversity:-
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❱ It Increase ecosystem productivity.

❱ It offers:-

♦ Fish
♦ Food
♦ Harvest
♦ Silviculture
♦ Livestock

❱ It provides functioning ecosystems that:-

♦ Pest control
♦ Supply 0xygen
♦ Clean air & Water
♦ Pollination of plants
♦ Wastewater treatment
♦ Ecosystem services

➧ We can protect Biodiversity by:-
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❱ To reduce your adverse impact on the environment & encourage local biodiversity.

❱ Help Native Pollinators.

❱ Reduce or eliminate pesticides & fertilizer.

❱ Restore habitat in your yard.

❱ Restore habitat in your community.

❱ Reduce your consumption.

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