Question

Answer the following questions in brief:
1. Name the major constituents of the atmosphere.
2. Highlight the importance of oxygen in the atmosphere.
3. Name the variable components of the atmosphere.
4. Name two gases that are heavier than air.
5. State the importance of atmosphere.
6. Why does the density of air become lower in the upper part of the atmosphere ?
7. Name the major layers of the atmosphere from ground upward.
8. Describe the chief characteristics of troposphere. (Any two)
9. State the major properties of stratosphere. (Any two)
10. What is the importance of ionosphere? Why does temperature rise in the ionosphere?
11. State the importance of particulate matter in the atmosphere.
12. What is greenhouse effect?
13. Name the gas which is responsible for greenhouse effect.​

Answer 1

Answer:

1)Nitrogen,Oxygen

2)Oxygen helps in combustion and in respiration

3)water vapor, dust particles, and ozone

4)Argon,Chlorine

5)The atmosphere protects living things from the Sun's most harmful rays

6)The density of air decreases with height. There are two reasons: at higher altitudes, there is less air pushing down from above, and gravity is weaker farther from Earth's center. So at higher altitudes, air molecules can spread out more, and air density decreases

7) these layers are named the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere. The exosphere gradually fades away into the realm of interplanetary space.

8)i)it is the first atmospheric layer closet to Earth's surface.

ii) the troposphere is the region where weather occurs.

9)i)Calm & stable layer

ii)Suitable for flying aircraft

10)the ionosphere is important because it reflects and modifies radio waves used for communication and navigation. So temperature increases with height in the ionosphere region to the extent that by 150-200km, the Earth's atmosphere is extremely hot compared to surface temperatures.

11)particulates are also called as SPM i.e, suspended particulate matter. These particulates in the atmosphere are very dangerous for all living beings. They cause lung cancers, and respiratory ailments in humans. They also pollute environment.

12)The greenhouse effect is a natural process that warms the Earth's surface. When the Sun's energy reaches the Earth's atmosphere, some of it is reflected back to space and the rest is absorbed and re-radiated by greenhouse gases.

13)Carbon Di-Oxide

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Explanation: