Answer the following questions in detail. 1. Humans and herbivorous animals both eat plants however herbivores have a four chambered stomach while humans do not. State the reason why? Explain digestion in herbivores.
2. Describe the process of holozoic nutrition in amoeba.
3. With the help of a well labelled diagram explain the human alimentary canal. Why are the liver and pancreas not considered a part of it, even though they play a significant role in digestion?
4. Write down the significance of all the parts of the mouth.
Answers
Answer:
1.The herbivores, especially the cows have four chambered stomach as they eat complex food like grass and plants which requires long digestion process that takes place in this chamber. However, humans eat light, cooked and healthy food and hence the digestion process is not longer. This is why humans have single stomach. Digestion starts with the teeth. Herbivores have large, flat teeth that grind up plant materials. Once the plant materials are chewed, special bacteria in the gut of an herbivore and the longer digestive tract break down the plant material. Ruminants regurgitate food and rechew it to help with the digestive process.
2. The mode of nutrition in amoeba is known as holozoic nutrition. It involves the ingestion, digestion and egestion of food material. Amoeba does not have any specialized organ for nutrition. Its entire process is carried through the body surface with the help of pseudopodia.
3. The alimentary canal is divided into five main parts- mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, small intestine and lastly large intestine. The liver (under the ribcage in the right upper part of the abdomen), the gallbladder (hidden just below the liver), and the pancreas (beneath the stomach) are not part of the alimentary canal, but these organs are essential to digestion. The liver makes bile, which helps the body absorb fat.
(I'm very sorry but I could not find a diagram :( ...)
4.
lips and Cheeks
This dynamic duo is made up of strong muscles. They allow you to smile, frown, kiss and speak. They help you chew, blow bubbles, and breathe. They also act as a guide in keeping your teeth in the right place.
Tongue
The next time you say, “That’s delicious!” you can thank your tongue for that. It, along with other parts of your mouth, is home to about 10,000 taste buds – giving you the chance to taste sweet, savory, salty, and bitter flavors. Your tongue has more than one job, though; it also helps with speaking, chewing, and swallowing.
Teeth, Gums, and Alveolar Bone
Here’s something to smile about and with: Your teeth. They are made of hard enamel and have roots connecting them to your jawbone. The alveolar bone surrounds the roots and helps keep your teeth in place. Your gums hold everything together, protecting both your teeth and their roots from decay.
Salivary Glands
No big surprise here, your salivary glands are responsible for producing (you got it) saliva. This helps break down food to begin the digestive process and puts moisture in your mouth so you can speak, chew, and swallow. Saliva also helps prevent cavities and gum disease because it repeatedly washes bacteria from your teeth and gums. You have three paired main salivary glands and hundreds of minor ones. Your salivary glands play a big part in helping you chew, swallow, and maintain proper oral hygiene. They are located in your head and neck. The three major glands include two parotid glands (the largest), two submandibular glands, and two sublingual glands. The minor salivary glands are located throughout your oral cavity including, cheeks, mouth, palate, and even your sinuses.
Temporomandibular Joint
Your temporomandibular joints allow you to open and close your mouth, move your lower jaw forward as well as side to side. These two joints also assist you in talking, chewing, and swallowing.
:D
Answer:
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