Question

•Answer the following questions :-
QUESTION 1 ⬇️
➡️ Distinguish between Autotrophs & Heterotrophs. (2 points)
QUESTION 2 ⬇️
➡️How is parasite different from Saprotroph?
QUESTION 3 ⬇️
➡️Name two useful Fungi.
QUESTION 4 ⬇️
➡️What are the raw materials for photosynthesis and also list their sources.
QUESTION 5 ⬇️
➡️Define the terms -
a) Nutrition
b) Stomata
c) Photosynthesis
d) Chlorophyll
​

Answer 1

Autotrophs store chemical energy in carbohydrate food molecules they build themselves. Most autotrophs make their "food" through photosynthesis using the energy of the sun. Heterotrophs cannot make their own food, so they must eat or absorb it.

The organism that grow on the body of another organism and derive nutrients from it is known as a parasite. ... --> The organism that obtain nutrients from the dead or decaying organic matter is called saprotroph. --> They take the digested and decayed food.

• Some useful fungi are mushrooms and Penicillium.
• Mushrooms act like anti-oxidants and rich in Vitamin D.

The raw materials required for photosynthesis are CARBON DIOXIDE and WATER. Photosynthesis : Preparation of food by the Green Leaves of a plant from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of Sunlight and chlorophyll is called photosynthesis.

Answer 2

Answer:

1) Autotrophs are organisms which can prepare their own food with the help of simple inorganic substances. They are the first tier of a food chain, called the producers. Eg: green plants which obtain food through photosynthesis.

Heterotrophs are organisms which cannot prepare their food with the help of simple inorganic substances, thus they directly or indirectly depend on autotrophs. They constitute the later parts of a food chain, following the producers and are called consumers. Eg: humans, we depend on other animals and plants for our energy needs.

2) Parasites are organisms which live on the bodies of other living organisms and obtain nutrients from them without killing them. Eg: tapeworms that often live in human intestine and obtain nutrients.

Saprophytes are organisms which feed on the remains of dead organisms. Eg: fungi, they grow on dead animals to decompose them.

3) Two useful fungi are:

penicillin is a fungi which is used as an antibiotic

yeast is a fungi used for making bread.

4) The raw materials for photosynthesis are:

carbon dioxide obtained from air through stomata

water obtained from soil through roots

sunlight is not an ingredient but is used to fasten the glucose synthesis and is obtained from sun.

5) a) Nutrition refers to the process of obtaining nutrients from food.

b) Stomata is an organ present in the aerial parts of plants which allow exchange of gases.

c) Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants prepare their own food using carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight.

d) Chlorophyll is a green coloured pigment present in plants which helps to store the energy obtained from sunlight for photosynthesis.