Question

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Answer 1

Jharia coal-field holds unequivocal importance in the Indian context as it is the only source of prime coking coal in the country. Haphazard mining over nearly a century has led to environmental changes to a large extent such as degradation in quality of air, water, soil, changes in landform, land use/land cover, vegetation distribution. Jharia is also infamous for widespread development of surface and subsurface fires due to unsustainable mining practices. These fires are burning over nearly a century and are a major cause of air pollution, loss of vegetation and subsidence. The paper outlines the environmental issues related to coal mining in Jharia coalfield, Jharkhand. For studying changes in vegetation pattern over the years, Landsat TM data has been used. Analysis of vegetation index (NDVI) indicates that during the years 2004-2011, dense vegetation has decreased and sparse vegetation has increased. The utility of field based data along with remote sensing data in such studies has been emphasized.

Answer 2

Jharia is also infamous for widespread development of surface and subsurface fires due to unsustainable mining practices. These fires are burning over nearly a century and are a major cause of air pollution, loss of vegetation and subsidence. The paper outlines the environmental issues related to coal mining in Jharia coalfield, Jharkhand. For studying changes in vegetation pattern over the years, Landsat TM data has been used. Analysis of vegetation index (NDVI) indicates that during the years 2004-2011, dense vegetation has decreased and sparse vegetation has increased. The utility of field based data along with remote sensing data in such studies has been emphasized.