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Answers
Lithosphere
The lithosphere is a domain concerning land. When land is measured, it is measured by taking sea level as it’s base. The height of the land is also measured by denoting it as either ASL (Above Sea Level) or BSL (Below Sea Level).
For example, Mount Everest, the highest mountain on Earth is 8848 meters above the sea level and this is denoted as ASL (Above Sea Level) while Mariana Trench, deepest part on Earth is 11,022 meters BSL (Below Sea Level). These two constitute the two extremes of Lithosphere. When discussing Lithosphere we must understand the extent of the Continents.
Hydrosphere
Hydrosphere is a domain that contains water or water bodies. If we take the earth into consideration. Only 1/4th (29%) of the earth is covered in soil/land while the rest 3/4th (71%) portion is covered in water. 97% of the earth’s water is found in oceans and is not suitable for use as it is saltwater.
Atmosphere
Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, Atmosphere, Biosphere
The Atmosphere is a domain that consists of layers which are the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere as well as the exosphere. Life form sustains on troposphere which is the first layer of the atmosphere. The density of Atmosphere is maximum at sea level and decreases with increasing height. The atmosphere consists of 78% Nitrogen, 21% oxygen and other gases like Argon, Carbon dioxide as well as some other gases comprise 1% of the volume.
Biosphere: The Supporter of Life Forms
Major domains of the Earth
Geologist Eduard Suess coined the term “Biosphere” in 1875. The biosphere is the point where all the three domains, viz. land, water and air meet as well as interact with each other. The biosphere is a zone of contact between air, water as well as land.
It is in this zone that life, that is unique to Earth exists and flourishes. The biosphere is divided into two kingdoms, Plant kingdom, and the Animal kingdom. Deforestation and pollution are rapidly damaging the Biosphere.