Question

Any electric fuse is based on

Answer 1

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A electrical  current is just like a wire made to melt only and in case of excessive current the wire separate causing turning off the supply electricity   without any danger and affecting the circuit system. so  any electrical fuse is work just based on heat. 
So, a electrical current work just like a safety device for preventing the effect of over-current.

Answer 2

Electric fuse is designed to work on the heating effect
If due to some reason the electric flow increases the required rate and can cause damage to the appliances or in extreme cases cause fire then in that case due to the heating effect of electric current the fuse will be melted and the electric current will not pass
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