Question

Any four means and resources for the infrastructures of development

Answer 1

road education water electricity internet connection

Answer 2

Types of Infrastructure:

Broadly speaking infrastructure can be divided in two categories:

(a) Economic Infrastructure

(b) Social Infrastructure

(а) Economic Infrastructure:

Economic infrastructure means those basic facilities and services which directly benefit the process of production and distribution of an economy. Irrigation, power, transport and communication are the examples of economic infrastructure.

(b) Social Infrastructure:

Social infrastructure means those basic activities and services which, in addition to achieving certain social objectives, indirectly help various economic activities. For example, education does not directly affect economic activities like production and distribution but indirectly helps in the economic development of the country by producing scientists, technologists and engineers. So education, health service, sanitation and water supply etc. are the examples of social infrastructure.

Development of Economic Infrastructure in India

Development of sufficient and quality infrastructure helps in economic development by facilitating production and investment in any economy. Bigger the infrastructure facilities, greater the opportunity for the producers to invest more. The shortage of these facilities in underdeveloped countries is the main cause of less economic development.

On the eve of Independence, Indian economy is totally backward. Economic planners gave top priority to infrastructure development. In the first plan 50% of the total plan expenditure was devoted to infrastructure. In the First Plan 27% of the Plan outlay was given to transport and communication. 13% of outlay was spent in power and 10% in irrigation and flood control.

All five year plans have generally spent around 50% of the total plan outlay on economic infrastructure. Due to heavy investment in infrastructure, Indian economy has become the most promising developing economies of the world. Now we will discuss three main components of economic infrastructure such as energy, transport and communication.