Question

arrange the following in decreasing order of reactivity with electrophile - toluene,para methyl benzene, para di nitro benzene

Answer 1

Electrophilic aromatic substitution (EAS) is where benzene acts as a nucleophile to replace a substituent with a new electrophile. That is, benzene needs to donate electrons from inside the ring.

So, benzene becomes less reactive in EAS when deactivating groups are present on it.

Deactivating groups are often good electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs).