Question

article write on Jallianwala Bagh massacre​

Answer 1

Jallianwala Bagh massacre

seminal event in the British rule of India

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The Jallianwalah Bagh Massacre, also known as the Amritsar Massacre was a massacre that happened in Amritsar, in 1919. It is named after the Jallianwala Bagh [Temple] in the northern Indian city of Amritsar. On April 13, 1919, British Indian Army soldiers started shooting at an unarmed gathering of men, women and children. The person in charge was Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer, the military commander of Amritsar.

The shooting lasted about ten minutes. According to official British Raj sources, 379 people were killed. According to other sources, there were over 1,000 deaths, with more than 2,000 wounded,[1] and Civil Surgeon Dr. Smith said that there were 1,526 casualties.

Background

India during World War I

World War I began with huge support and goodwill towards the United Kingdom from the Indian political leadership. This was not expected by the British, who thought there may be a revolt. India contributed a lot to the British war effort by providing men and resources. About 1.3 million Indian soldiers and workers served in Europe, Africa, and the Middle East, while both the Indian government and the princes sent large supplies of food, money, and ammunition.

However, Bengal and Punjab were areas where people still opposed the British. Terrorist-style attacks in Bengal became linked with the unrest in Punjab.[2][3] Also, from the beginning of the war, the overseas Indian population, mainly from the United States, Canada and Germany, attempted to start a rebellion in India similar to the 1857 uprising. With Irish Republican, German and Turkish help, a massive conspiracy was formed called the Hindu–German Conspiracy.[4][5][6] This conspiracy also attempted to rally Afghanistan against British India.[7]

After the war

After World War I, the high number of dead and wounded, inflation, heavy taxation and other problems all greatly affected the people of India. Indian soldiers smuggled arms into India to overthrow British rule. Different groups settled their differences to demand independence from Britain. In 1916, the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League signed the Lucknow Pact, agreeing to build a border dividing Punjab (India) and Pakistan.

Answer 2

• The period of 1920s marks the revolutionary satyagraha period of British India.Gandhiji formed Satyagrah for removal of British Raj without Violence.
• Governor General was FredricPeople gathered in Jallianwala Bagh Massacre some for peaceful demonstration while others for the celebration of their annual Baisakhi Fair.

• They were unknown to the new law passed by General Dyer, banning all public gathered meetings.The Jallianwalla Bagh is a public garden of about 6.27 acres , walled on all sides, with only five narrow entrances.
• On Sunday,13 April 1919, Dyer convinced a major insurrection could take place, banned all meetings.Dyer and troops entered the Garden blocked the exit point and opened fire on public.