Physics, asked by AlbertEinstein12345, 1 year ago

as we all know that opposite charges attract each other but y dint electrons attract protons in atoms???

Answers

Answered by Albert01
3
Suppose you are climbing somewhere with the help of rope gravity affects u but yet u don't fall

An atom is a bit like the rope, only with even stronger restrictions on where your feet can be. electrons are only allowed to occupy certain states, called orbitals, as they orbit the nucleus. Moving between these states requires some action to be taken — just like climbing up and down on the rope. In an atom, there is no “rung” at ground level. That means it’s impossible for an electron to just fall into the nucleus unless an extremely strong outside force is applied.

that was logical answer

now scientific reason

the electrons DON’T fall into the nucleus. If they did, matter would collapse. The atoms in the matter would just crush down into almost nothing. That’s because the distance between the electrons and the nucleus forms the spaciousness of the atom.

In the 1920’s, Niels Bohr, a Danish physicist, came up with an explanation. He said that our universe is governed by two different sets of laws. One set of laws, the ones that physicists were used to, govern everyday objects, like tables and chairs. These are the laws that Isaac Newton and James Clerk Maxwell developed.

Bohr said that the reason that the electron doesn’t fall into the nucleus, is because there’s a whole new set of laws. These laws govern electrons, protons, and other parts of the atom. These are the laws of quantum physics. Bohr is considered one of the founders of quantum physics.

Bohr said that it’s a law of quantum physics that the energy of the electron is not allowed to drop below a certain level. It is not allowed to drop to such a low level that it could no longer resist the positive pull of the nucleus and fall into it.

At the time that Bohr said this, some physicists complained that Bohr’s explanation wasn’t an explanation at all. They said Bohr was just laying down the law, and there should be a reason why the electron doesn’t keep losing energy and fall into the nucleus as Maxwell’s laws would require.

By the 1920's, it became clear that a tiny object such as the electron cannot be treated as a classical particle having a definite position and velocity. The best we can do is specify the probability of its manifesting itself at any point in space. If you had a magic camera that could take a sequence of pictures of the electron in the 1s orbital of a hydrogen atom, and could combine the resulting dots in a single image, you would see something like this. Clearly, the electron is more likely to be found the closer we move toward the nucleus.



now answer in mathematical way
Mass of proton : 1.6726 x 10-27 kg
Mass of neutron: 1.6749 x 10-27 kg
Mass of electron: 0.00091 x 10-27 kg

Since the mass of a proton plus the mass of an electron is less than that of a neutron, a large amount of energy E=mc2 is required to combine them. The electrostatic potential energy is not suffcient to do this. However sometimes gravitation energy can be.



Anonymous: awesome answer mr aman
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