Question

Assertion (A): The electrostatic force increases with a decrease the distance between the charges.
Reason (R): The electrostatic force of attraction or repulsion between any two stationary point charges is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Answer 1

Assertion (A): The electrostatic force increases with a decrease the distance between the charges.

Reason (R): The electrostatic force of attraction or repulsion between any two stationary point charges is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Both (A) and (R) are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

But why?

• The general expression for electrostatic force between two charges is given as follows:

$\boxed{F = \dfrac{q_{1}q_{2}}{4\pi \epsilon_{0} {d}^{2} } }$

• q represents the charges, 'd' represents separation distance.

• So, the distance between the charges is decreased, the value of denominator decreases and the value of F increases. Hence (A) is true.

• Also, $F\propto \dfrac{1}{d^{2}}$. So, (R) is also true and explains (A).

Hope It Helps.

Answer 2

Given : Assertion(A) is The electrostatic force increases with a decrease the distance between the charges.

And Reason (R) is given as  The electrostatic force of attraction or repulsion between any two stationary point charges is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

We know that as per law the general expression for electrostatic force between two charges is given as follows:

$F=\frac{q_{1} q_{2}}{4 \pi \epsilon_{0} d^{2}}$

Where F is a electrostatic force ,q represent the charge ,and 'd' represents the distance .

From the formula of force it is clear that Force F is inversely proportional to the distance .

$F \propto \frac{1}{d^{2}}$.

thus, the distance between the charges is decreased, the value of denominator decreases and the value of F increases. Hence (A) is true.