Question

autobiography of khadi

Answer 1

From the earliest times the spinning wheel or Charkha had been plied in Indian homes, the excavation at Harappa and Mohan-jo-dare reveal that the charkha was a part of the Indian household. The Vedic Aryan also used the charkha.

The Buddhist age also the charkha continued to be plied. During the region of Mauryas, there existed a large organization to deal with matters connected with spinning and weaving. The spinners were women who did the work at home in their spare time. The entire process from picking of the raw cotton so carding, slivering, spinning and weaving was done by hand. It involved great skill and our textiles were unrivalled for their excellence. Foreign travelers like ‘Marco Polo’ (1288) and ‘Tavernier” (1660) wrote in details about the excellence of Indian cotton fabrics. In the Mughal period, hand spinning and weaving continued to be an important occupation. The fabrics were known for their exquisite beauty.

From the Sixteenth century, foreign traders i.e. the Portugese, the Dutch the French and the British had begun to come to India from the West. By the seventeenth century, the English traders set-up the East India Trading Corporation in English with the main object of importing Indian goods including textiles.

But the influx of Indian fabrics excited the jealousy of the weavers in England. The British Parliament passed an Act imposing excessive duties on cloth from India. It also imposed heavy penalties on the users of Indian fabrics in England. Afterwards, the British, lowered duties levied on English goods coming to India and imposed heavy duty even on inland transit on Indian products. As a result, India was flooded with cheap cotton goods from England where the adoption of mechanical invention gave the manufacturers an advantage over Indian weavers, which affected seriously the position of the Indian spinners and weavers.

Answer 2

Answer:

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