Axes and pattern formation in drosophila
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The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, like other arthropods, is composed of numerous body segments. The fly has several fused head segments, three thoracic segments, eight abdominal segments, and a terminal segment at the end of the abdomen. In the adult fly, these segments are clearly unique, in that a head segment has antennae, but a thoracic segment has legs instead, and an abdominal segment has neither.
About 24 hours after fertilization, a larva appears with distinct segments. The segments all look similar, but their fates to become different adult segments is already determined. Several types of genes are expressed sequentially in the embryo to define these segments. The genes involved in each step code for transcription factors, which in turn control the synthesis of other transcription factors acting on the next set of genes. The genes expressed at the end of this cascade code for proteins that carry out the functions of the cell.
About 24 hours after fertilization, a larva appears with distinct segments. The segments all look similar, but their fates to become different adult segments is already determined. Several types of genes are expressed sequentially in the embryo to define these segments. The genes involved in each step code for transcription factors, which in turn control the synthesis of other transcription factors acting on the next set of genes. The genes expressed at the end of this cascade code for proteins that carry out the functions of the cell.
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