B. Answer the following questions.
1. Land is the vital natural resource. Explain it.
2. Which are the main factors responsible for soil formation?
3. Write a short note on degradation and conservation of soil.
4. What is landslide? What mitigation factors can be adopted for the prevention of landslides.
5. Give four methods of soil conservation.
6. Why do we suffer from scarcity of water? Suggest few ways to conserve water.
7. What are national parks and biosphere reserves? Explain with the help of examples.
8. Describe few steps that government has taken to conserve flora and fauna.
9. Name the major natural vegetation of the world.
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Answers
Answer:
1ans)Land is considered an important resource because it is being used by human beings for several purposes such as agriculture, forestry, mining, building houses and roads, and setting up industries. Also, it provides habitation to a variety of flora and fauna. Hence, it is among the most important natural resources
2ans)7.1 Soil formation:
Soils are formed by the weathering of rocks or materials deposited by rivers or wind. There are five groups of factors responsible for the kind, rate and extent of soil development. They are: Climate, organisms, parent material, topography and time.
3ans)Land degradation is due to the activities of human hands which loses all the fertility and quality of soil. This is very dangerous to the nature which causes further disasters. All farmers will be suffering due to this problem.
Explanation:
4ans)The foremost thing to do is to divert the discharge water away from slopes by constructing gutters and using sandbags. If there is no scope for diverting – especially in case of natural sources of water, you can contain its speed by building small dams; so as to ensure that the amount of erosion is in check.
5ana)Soil conservation practices are tools the farmer can use to prevent soil degradation and build organic matter. These practices include: crop rotation, reduced tillage, mulching, cover cropping and cross-slope farming.
6ans)We suffer from scarcity of water because we have not conserve water or rationalised its use. ... to water bodies
7ans)National Parks Biosphere reserve
5.) Outside species are allowed to be habitat. 5.) It extends up to the area of 5000-6000 sq km.
6.) Examples:- (1)Kaziranga National Park (Assam), (2) Sundarbans National Park (West Bengal) 6.) Examples:- (1)Panna, M.P. (2)Nilgiri (Tamil Nadu-Kerala
8ans)(i) To survey and collect all the information about wildlife, especially, their number and growth. (ii) To protect habitat by protecting forests. (iii) To delimit the areas of their natural habitat. (iv) To protect wildlife from pollution and from natural hazards
9ans)Jagran Josh
Tropical Evergreen Forests.
Tropical Deciduous Forests.
Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests.
Desert and Semi- Arid Vegetation.
Mangrove Vegetation.
Moist Sub-tropical Montane Vegetation.
Moist Temperate Montane Vegetation.
The Himalayan Vegetation.
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