B. Write short answers :
1. Name the two countries, parts of which lie in the hot Torrid zones.
2. What do you call the people who study climate ?
3. Name the three climatic zones.
4. Name the factors affecting the climate of a place.
Answers
Explanation:
1.America and Carribean mexico
2.Climatologists
3.The Earth has three main climate zones: tropical, temperate, and polar.
4.
The climate of any particular place is influenced by a host of interacting factors. These include latitude, elevation, nearby water, ocean currents, topography, vegetation, and prevailing winds. The global climate system and any changes that occur within it also influence local climate.
LATITUDE
Surface temperatures vary with latitude.
ELEVATION
Climate zones coincide roughly with elevation ranges.
NEARBY WATER
Sea surface temperatures affect land temperatures.
OCEAN CURRENTS
Water temperatures indicate transfer of heat energy by currents.
TOPOGRAPHY
Local variations in elevation can cause local variations in climate.
VEGETATION
Type of ground cover and seasonal changes affect climate.
PREVAILING WINDS
Winds deliver air masses with specific properties.
Latitude or distance from the equator
Temperatures drop the further an area is from the equator due to the curvature of the earth. In areas closer to the poles, sunlight has a larger area of atmosphere to pass through and the sun is at a lower angle in the sky. As a result, more energy is lost and temperatures are cooler.
In addition, the presence of ice and snow nearer the poles causes a higher albedo, meaning that more solar energy is reflected, also contributing to the cold.
Altitude or height above sea level
Locations at a higher altitude have colder temperatures. Temperature usually decreases by 1°C for every 100 metres in altitude.
Distance from the sea
Oceans heat up and cool down much more slowly than land. This means that coastal locations tend to be cooler in summer and warmer in winter than places inland at the same latitude and altitude. Glasgow, for example, is at a similar latitude to Moscow, but is much milder in winter because it is nearer to the coast than Moscow..
Ocean currents
Britain has a maritime climate. A warm ocean current called the North Atlantic Drift keeps Britain warmer and wetter than places in continental Europe.
Prevailing wind
The prevailing wind is the most frequent wind direction a location experiences. In Britain the prevailing wind is from the south west, which brings warm, moist air from the Atlantic Ocean. This contributes to the frequent rainfall. When prevailing winds blow over land areas, it can contribute to creating desert climates.
1. the two countries that lie in the torrid zone are India and Brazil
2. the people who study climate are called climatologist
3. three climatic zones are temperature torrid and polar
4. distance from the sea.
ocean currents.
direction of prevailing winds.
shape of the land (known as 'relief' or 'topography')
distance from the equator.