Big Bang theory explains the Origin of the Universe. True or False
Answers
Recently, a discussion started in one of my comment threads about whether the Big Bang was necessarily valid or not, and whether there were any reasonable alternatives. The answer is that not only is the Big Bang the best theory to explain the start and evolution of the Universe, it's the only one that doesn't make incorrect predictions. Let's see this in action.
This all started in the late 1920s, when we realized that spiral nebulae were not just galaxies, but that these other galaxies were nearly all moving away from us. Moreover, the ones that were farther away from us were moving away faster than the ones that were nearer to us. This lead us to the picture that the Universe was expanding, like so:
After a little bit of math to go along with this, we quickly realized that the Universe is acting much like the Earth would if you had detonated a huge bomb at the center:
In this example, pieces of the Earth would be flying apart from each other, but Gravity would be struggling to pull the pieces back together. So it is with the Universe: galaxies are flying apart from one another, but Gravity is trying to pull them back together. This means that the expansion is slowing down as the Universe gets older, a hugely important discovery.
The reason I say this is important is because if the Universe is expanding and the rate of expansion is slower in the future, that means the expansion was faster in the past! It means that, billions of years ago, galaxies were much closer together to one another than they are today. It means that, over 13 billion years ago, all the matter in the Universe was bunched together at higher and higher densities.
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