Biography of Mirza Ghalib _____!!
Answers
Explanation:
Mirza Ghalib was a famous Urdu and Persian poet of the Indian subcontinent in the 19th century. His original name was Mirza Asadullah Baig Khan. His original pen-name was Asad but he changed it to Ghalib, which means ‘conqueror’. According to historical documents, Ghalib had no formal education.
Personal Life
Mirza Ghalib was born on 27 December, 1796 in Kala Mahal, Agra. He was of Turkish descent. His father and uncle died when he was young and eventually he moved to Delhi. When he was thirteen years old he married into an aristocratic family (circa. 1810). He had seven children but none of them survived. This pain is apparent in his
Literary Career
Ghalib is famous for his ghazals written in Urdu. But he also used to write poems in the Persian language. His talent flowered at an early age; he wrote most of his poems by the age of nineteen. Initially his ghazals conveyed the pain of love but he expanded the horizon. He pushed the Urdu language to express life’s myriad pains and philosophies. This made Ghalib’s poetry a masterpiece.
At the time of Ghalib, Urdu was a very ornamental language; he made it interesting by making it an informal one. He also composed humorous proses. The letters written to his friends are ample proof of that humour. In fact, the modern Urdu language is indebted to Mirza Ghalib. He made the language beautiful and gave it a life.
Royal Titles
Mirza Ghalib was bestowed with the title of “Dabir-ul-Mulk” by Bahadur Shah Zafar II. He also got an additional title of “Najm-ud-daula” from the emperor. The other title given to him by the emperor was ‘Mirza Nosha’.
Mirza Ghalib was one of the courtiers of the royal court of the Emperor. He was appointed as Emepror’s poet and the royal historian of Mughal Court.
Ghalib lived on state patronage; he never had a formal steady job. Mirza Ghalib, regarded as one of the most brilliant and influential poets of the Urdu language, passed away on 15 February 1869. He could not attain fame during his lifetime and became famous after his death.
Indian director Gulzar has made a TV serial titled Mirza Ghalib on the life of this great poet. It was telecast on Doordarshan.
Answer:
Explanation:Mirza Asadullah Khan (1797-1869) who wrote with a nom de plume of Asad before choosing Ghalib, which literally means overcoming or overpowering, hailed from a Central Asian family of Aibak Turks who served traditionally as soldier s. Unlike his grandfather who had migrated to India during the reign of Sah Alam II to join army, and his father who also followed the same profession and was killed in an army action in Alwar, Ghalib excelled brilliantly as a poet, prose writer, diarist, and a writer of engrossingly intimate letters. He was born in Agra where the family had settled. He lost his father at the age of five and was brought up by his uncle who also passed away four years later after which he was taken care of by his maternal grandfather. Married at an early age of thirteen, he moved to Delhi where he kept shifting his residence as a tenant in the vicinity of what is now known as old Delhi till he settled down in yet another rented accommodation in a locality called Ballimaran where he died in pain and penury.
With little financial security available to him, Ghalib had to make do with difficulty in the early part of his life as he had to do ever after. He sustained mainly on the pension from his uncle’s state but that was both meagre ad irregular, as was the assistance he received from the nobility. His plea to all the possible authorities in the British government as well as his travel to Calcutta to present his case personally did not bring him any financial security. He was a unique individual, who wrote the finest kind of poetry in Urdu and Persian, played chess and dice, borrowed books, drew loan, drank incessantly, violated norms, and got punished by imprisonment but continued with his manners. Although Ghalib did not receive any formal education but he learnt his lessons in Arabic, Persian, logic and philosophy from Mulla Abdussamad and grew on his own at an intellectual level. After the demise of Sheikh Ibrahim Zauq who had the privilege of counselling the emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar on his poetry, he was appointed as his mentor, as well as a historian of the Mughal court, which brought him some financial security and the honorifics of Najmuddaulah, Dabeerulmulk, and Nizam Jung, as well as the title of Mirza Nausha. Ghalib stands out for his sparkling wit and tough ratiocination, as well his innovations in technique and diction that distinguish his poetry and prose from all others written before or after him. Negotiating precariously with life at several levels, he died in sickness and was buried in Nizamuddin, beyond the walled city of Delhi. His numerous works, apart from his divan and letters in Urdu and kulliyat of Persian poetry and prose, include Urdu-i-Muallah, a collection of epistles, Taigh-e-Taiz, a rebuttal of a literary work; Qata-i-Burhan, a criticism of Persian lexicon; Panj Ahang, a collection of occasional writings; Mehre Neem Roze, a historical narrative; and Dastumbo, an literary account of 1857 that testify his versatility and rare artistic merit.