Question

biography of munshi premchand

Answer 1

Premchand (Hindi: प्रेमचंद, Urdu: پریمچںد), whose original name was Dhanpat Rai , was born on 31 July 1880, in village Lamahi near Varanasi, where his father was a clerk in the post office. Premchand's parents died young - his mother when he was seven and his father while he was fourteen and still a student. Premchand was left responsible for his stepmother and step-siblings.

Early in life, Premchand faced immense poverty. He earned five rupees a month tutoring a lawyer's child. He was married at the early age of fifteen but that marriage failed, later he married again, to Shivrani Devi, a balavidhava (child widow), and had several children. She supported him through life struggles.

Premchand passed his matriculation exam with great effort in 1898, and in 1899 he took up school-teaching job, with a monthly salary of eighteen rupees. In 1919 he passed his B.A. with English, Persian and History.

Later, Premchand worked as the deputy sub-inspector of schools.

Premchand lived a life of financial struggle. Once he took a loan of two-and-a-half rupeesto buy some clothes. He had to struggle for three years to pay it back.

When asked why he does not write anything about himself, he answered: "What greatness do I have that I have to tell anyone about? I live just like millions of people in this country; I am ordinary. My life is also ordinary. I am a poor school teacher suffering family travails. During my whole lifetime, I have been grinding away with the hope that I could become free of my sufferings. But I have not been able to free myself from suffering. What is so special about this life that needs to be told to anybody?".

During his last years,he became terribly ill. The money his wife used to give for his treatment was used in running his press "The Saraswati". He was also writing a book "Mangalsutra" which would never be completed. All this had serious impact on his health leading to his early death on 8th October 1936, at the age of 56.[1]

Answer 2

$\huge{\mathfrak{Essay :}}$

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$\sf \large{\underline {\underline {Introduction:}}}$

Munshi Premchand is considered to be India's novel emperor whose era extends from 1880 to 1936. This period is of great importance in the history of India. In this era, India's freedom struggle passed through new floors. Premchand's real name was Dhapat Rai Srivastava. He was a successful writer, patriot citizen, skilled speaker, responsible editor and sensitive creator. In the first half of the twentieth century when there was no technical work to do Hindi in Hindi, yet there was no other such writer than him.

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$\sf \large{\underline {\underline {Birth \: and \: Marriage:}}}$

Premchand was born about four miles from Varanasi, on July 31, 1880 in the village of Lhamhi. Premchand's father Munshi Ajaib Lal and Mata Anandi Devi were. Premchand's childhood was spent in the village. Premchand's peculiar poverty was of the Kayasthas, who possessed nearly six villages and whose family was big. Premchand's grandfather, Munshi Guru Sahay Lal, Patwari. His father, Munshi Ajaib Lal, was a postmaster and his salary was about twenty five rupees monthly. His mother Anand Devi was a beautiful and beautiful woman. When Premchand was fifteen years old, he got married. That marriage was decided by his stepfather. In the last days of 1905 you married Shivranani Devi. Shivranani Devi was a child widow. It can be said that after the second marriage, circumstances changed somewhat in their lives and the financial constraints of income were reduced. His writing got more awareness Premchand was promoted and he was made deputy inspector of schools.

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$\sf \large{\underline {\underline {Education:}}}$

While fighting poverty, Premchand passed his matriculation examination. At the beginning of his life he had to go barefoot to read Varanasi away from the village. In the meantime, his father was killed. Premchand was fond of reading, and later he wanted to be a lawyer, but poverty broke them. Premchand took a tuition at a lawyer Sahib to avoid the hassle of going to school and started taking a room in his house. He got five rupees of tuition. From five rupees to Rupees three Rupees and for two Rupees, Premchand continued his life carriage. Premchand used to live a life of shortage and lack of money throughout the month. Premchand passed matriculation in adverse circumstances of these very life. He graduated from the University of Allahabad with English Literature, Persian and History subjects in second class.

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$\sf \large{\underline {\underline {Award:}}}$

In the memory of Munshi Premchand, the Indian Postal Department issued a stamp of 30 paisa on 31 July 1980 on the occasion of his birth anniversary. Premchand Sahitya Sansthan has been established at the school in Gorakhpur where he was a teacher. There is a graffiti in its verandah. There is a museum of related items here. Where they also have a capacitance. Premchand's wife Shivranani Devi wrote her biography in Premchand's house and highlighted that part of her personality, which was unaware of the people. His son, Amrit Rai, has written the biography of father by the name of 'Kaalam Ka Sipahi'. English and Urdu versions of all their books have been adapted, their stories have become popular in many foreign languages such as Chinese, Russian etc.

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$\sf \large{\underline {\underline {Conclusion:}}}$

Premchand has written many wonderful works of his life. From then on till today there is no one like him or anyone else in Hindi literature. Except for one year of the last days of his life, he spent his entire time in Varanasi and Lucknow, where he edited many papers and continued to create his own literature. On October 8, 1936, he died due to ascites.

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