Biology structure of cell biology for notes in detail
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Answer:
Cell Structure
All living organisms have common characteristics, such as feeding, transferring, respiration, excretion, motion, sensation and reproduction. Some living organisms are unicellular, such as bacteria, Amoeba and Paramecium, while most of them are multicellular, such as humans, whales, and trees.
The cell is the tiniest building unit in an organism’s body and is capable of carrying out all the functions of life. Cells vary in shape, structure, and size. There is a relationship between the cell shape and the functions it performs. The nerve cell (neuron) is long in shape in order to transfer the messages from the spinal cord, present inside the vertebral column, to your toes. The muscular cells are cylindrical and long and accumulate together to form muscle fibres. The muscular cells can contract and relax to help the animal move freely.
types-of-cells
The cell is made up of a protoplasmic mass surrounded by the cell membrane. The protoplasm is differentiated into a nucleus and cytoplasm. Cytoplasm contains a group of cellular structures called cell organelles.
The Cell wall
Cells of plants, algae, fungi and some bacteria are surrounded by a cell wall as well as the cell membrane. This wall provides the cells with support and protection. The cell wall is pitted and is mainly composed of cellulose fibres; therefore this wall allows the passage of water and dissolved substances through it easily.plant-cell-wall
The Cell membrane (Plasma Membrane)
This is a thin membrane covering the cell. It separates the cell’s components from its surrounding medium. The cell membrane performs a basic role in organizing the passage of substances to and from the cell. It also prevents the spreading of cytoplasm outside the cell.
The Nucleus
The nucleus is the most prominent organelle in the cell that you can see under a microscope. It often has a spherical or oval shape and is located in the middle of the cell. Furthermore, it is surrounded by a double membrane called the ‘nuclear envelope’. The nuclear envelope separates the contents of the nucleus from the cytoplasm. There are several tiny pores in the nuclear envelope through which substances pass between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
nucleus
Answer:
The cell (from Latin cella, meaning "small room") is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all known organisms. A cell is the smallest unit of life. ... Cells consist of cytoplasm enclosed within a membrane, which contains many biomolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids.
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