Brainlist question
potential energy of a system of charges
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Answers
Electric potential energy is defined as the total potential energy a unit charge will possess if located at any point in the outer space.
Let us consider a charge q1. Let us say, they are placed at a distance ‘r’ from each other. The total electric potential of the charge is defined as the total work done by an external force in bringing the charge from infinity to the given point.
We can write it as, -∫ (ra→rb) F.dr = – (Ua – Ub)
Here, we see that the point rb is present at infinity and the point ra is r.
Substituting the values we can write, -∫ (r →∞) F.dr = – (Ur – U∞)
As we know that Uinfity is equal to zero.
Therefore, -∫ (r →∞) F.dr = -UR
Using Coulomb’s law, between the two charges we can write:
⇒ -∫ (r →∞) [-kqqo]/r2 dr = -UR
Or, -k × qqo × [1/r] = UR
Therefore, UR = -kqqo/r
Answer:
Explanation:
Electric potential energy, or Electrostatic potential energy, is a potential energy (measured in joules) that results from conservative Coulomb forces and is associated with the configuration of a particular set of point charges within a defined system.
SI unit: joule (J)
Derivations from other quantities: UE = C · V2 / 2
Common symbols: UE
The potential energy is characteristic of the current state of configuration and not the way how this configuration was achieved.
The potential for a system of charges is calculated as below:
Potential energy for the first charge is considered as zero which is brought from infinity to a point having no external repulsive forces (no other charges present in the space).
Bringing another charge will face attractive or repulsive force from the first charge and the work done to bring it from infinity to the point is stored in the form of potential energy.
Similarly, all further charges being brought from infinity will face attractive or repulsive force from all other charges present in the space.