Question

break up of the caliphate and the rise of Sultanate​

Answer 1

Answer:

Caliphates followed a very rigid and strict religious rule. With passage of time, these rules were modified and eased, to make life easier for the subjects. Gradually, it gave way to a more secular form of government known as Sultanate. Caliphs ruled over Caliphates and he was their political as well as religious head

Answer 2

The Abbasid state became weaker from the ninth century. There were two main reasons for this decline. One of the reasons was the decline of Baghdad’s control over distant provinces, and another reason was the conflict between pro-Iranian and pro-Arab factions in the army and bureaucracy.