brief description of types of crop patterns?? plzz answer it guys ....
Answers
Cropping pattern is a dynamic concept because it changes over space and time. It can be defined as the proportion of area under various crops at a point of time. In other words, it is a yearly sequence and spatial arrangement of sowing and fallow on a given area. In India, the cropping pattern determined by rainfall, climate, temperature, soil type and technology.
The cropping patterns in India can be presented by taking the major crops into consideration as the base crop and all other possible alternative crops. It is very important to identify crops and their showing agro-climatic condition so that they can be categorized. For example, wheat, barley and oats, are taken as one category.
Food Grains and their required agro-climatic condition
Food Grains
Agro-Climatic Condition
Rice
Temperature: 22 -32 degree Celsius
Rainfall: 150-300 cm
Soil Type: Deep clayey and loamy soil
Wheat
Temperature: 10-15 degree Celsius (Sowing time)
Temperature: 21-26 degree Celsius (Ripening & Harvesting)
Rainfall: 75-100 cm
Soil Type: Well-drained fertile loamy and clayey loamy
Millets
Temperature: 27-32 degree Celsius
Rainfall: 50-100 cm
Soil Type: They are less sensitive to soil deficiencies. They can be grown in inferior alluvial or loamy soil
Grams
Temperature: 20-25 degree Celsius (Mild cool & Dry Climate)
Rainfall: 40-45 cm
Soil Type: Loamy Soil
Sugar Cane
Temperature: 21-27 degree Celsius
Rainfall: 75-150 cm
Soil Type: Deep rich loamy soil
Cotton
Temperature: 21-30 degree Celsius
Rainfall: 50-100 cm
Soil Type: Black soil of Deccan and Malwa Plateau. However, it also grows well in alluvial soils of the Sutluj-Ganga plain and red and laterite soils of the peninsular region
Oilseeds
Temperature: 20-30 degree Celsius
Rainfall: 50-75 cm
Soil Type: Well drained light sandy loams, red, yellow and black soils are well suited for its cultivation.
Tea
Temperature: 20-30 degree Celsius
Rainfall: 150-300 cm
Soil Type: Well drained, deep friable loamy soil.
Coffee
Temperature: 15-28 degree Celsius
Rainfall: 150-250 cm
Soil Type: Well drained, deep friable loamy soil.
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