briefly describe the three essential parts of a cell.
Answers
Answer:
A cell consists of three parts: the cell membrane, the nucleus, and, between the two, the cytoplasm. Within the cytoplasm lie intricate arrangements of fine fibers and hundreds or even thousands of miniscule but distinct structures called organelles.
Cell membrane
Every cell in the body is enclosed by a cell (Plasma) membrane. The cell membrane separates the material outside the cell, extracellular, from the material inside the cell, intracellular. It maintains the integrity of a cell and controls passage of materials into and out of the cell. All materials within a cell must have access to the cell membrane (the cell's boundary) for the needed exchange.
Nucleus and Nucleolus
The nucleus, formed by a nuclear membrane around a fluid nucleoplasm, is the control center of the cell. Threads of chromatin in the nucleus contain deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the genetic material of the cell. The nucleolus is a dense region of ribonucleic acid (RNA) in the nucleus and is the site of ribosome formation. The nucleus determines how the cell will function, as well as the basic structure of that cell.
Cytoplasm
The cytoplasm is the gel-like fluid inside the cell. It is the medium for chemical reaction. It provides a platform upon which other organelles can operate within the cell. All of the functions for cell expansion, growth and replication are carried out in the cytoplasm of a cell. Within the cytoplasm, materials move by diffusion, a physical process that can work only for short distances.
Answer:
The 3 essential parts of a cell are :
1) Cell membrane
2) Cytoplasm
3) Nucleus
Explanation:
1) Cell membrane: It is the outer covering of a cell and it is made up of lipids and proteins. It is also called as Plasma membrane or Selectively Permeable membrane. It allows or permits the substances from outside environment to come inside the cell and vice versa. The spontaneous movement of substances from high concentration to low concentration is called DIFFUSION, and the passage of water molecules from high concentration through selectively permeable to a region of low concentration till equilibrium is reached is called OSMOSIS. These processes are present only because of Cell membrane. It prevents the movements of other materials.
2) Cytoplasm: It is the fluid content inside the plasma membrane. It is present between the plasma membrane and the nucleus. It contains all the specialized cell organelles and the vacuoles.
3) Nucleus: It plays the central role in a cellular reproduction, in which the single cell divides and forms 2 new cells. It contains chromosomes which are visible as rod-shaped structures. Chromosomes contains the genetic units which are DNA(Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid), RNA( Ribo Nucleic Acid) and proteins. Nucleus has a double layered covering called Nuclear membrane. It helps in organizing the contents of the nucleus, and prevents the contents to mix up with the cytoplasm. The organisms lacking nuclear membrane are called PROKARYOTES (eg- Blue-green algae) and that undefined region containing only nucleic acids is called Nucleoid. The organisms having nuclear membrane are called EUKARYOTES. -
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