Briefly explain any five methods of soil conservation.
Pls it’s urgent
Answers
Answer:
crop rotation, reduced tillage, mulching, cover cropping and cross-slope farming.
Explanation:
Crop Rotation is a tool that enables
farmers to increase soil organic matter content,
soil structure and rooting depth. This is
accomplished by growing secondary crops
which enhance soil health.
Cover Cropping are
effective at reducing soil erosion by leaving a
cover over the soil which reduces soil
displacement associated with the impact of
raindrops hitting soil particles. They also
reduce the volume and velocity of runoff over
the soil.
Mulching consists of applying organic
material over the exposed soil. Hay makes the
best mulch, but it is important to ensure that the
hay is harvested before weeds are mature.
Straw can also be used.
Conservation Tillage is field operations
aimed at preserving soil aggregates, organic
matter and surface residue from previous crops.
Cross-Slope Farming is the practice of
conducting field operations perpendicular to
the field slope. This includes:
• Tillage and seeding
• Planting strips of different crops
• Diversion terraces
Answer:
★Afforestation
★Constructing dams and barrages
★Prevention of over gazing
★Contour method
★Rotation of crops
★Strip cropping
★Contour bunding
Afforestation means planting trees. As we know, the roots of the trees help to hold the soil layer firmly,it is evident that it helps not to make the soil loose and prevents erosion. Thus, by planting more and more trees, the top layer of the soil becomes less prone to erosion by wind, water or anything likely
A check dam placed in the ditch, swale, or channel interrupts the flow of water and flattens the gradient of the channel, thereby reducing the velocity. In turn, this obstruction induces infiltration and reduces eroding.
Overgrazing
Their loss is critical in determining the soil's water-holding capacity and how well pasture plants do during dry weather. Overgrazing results in increased trampling of soil by livestock, which increases soil compaction (Fuls, 1992) and thus, decreases the permeability of the soil.
Contour plowing/ploughing conserves soil by following the lay of the land and creating ridges that form a water break to prevent soil erosion. Furrows that do not follow the lay of the land cause rapid runoff during rainfall by forming a convenient channel for the water to flow downhill.
Crop Rotation:
Judiciously applied (i.e. selecting a suitable crop) crop rotation can improve soil structure and fertility by alternating deep-rooted and shallow-rooted plants.
Strip cropping helps to stop soil erosion by creating natural dams for water, helping to preserve the strength of the soil. Certain layers of plants will absorb minerals and water from the soil more effectively than others.
Contour bunding technique reduces water runoff and controls soil erosion through ridges covered with perennial grasses such as Andropogon and Vetiver. Farmers use the ridges for crop production.
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