Briefly explain the process of Italian unification
Answers
# ) Italy was divided into 7 states in which only Sardinia-Piedmont was the only region ruled by a Italian Princely house.
# ) The northern Region was ruled by Austrian-Habsburg dynasty, The central was ruled by Popes by France and the Southern region by the Bourbon kings of Spain.
# ) The unification of Italy started with the secret societies formed by Mazzini like the Young Italy and the Young Europe.
# ) Count Cavour with his tack full diplomacy with France defeated the Austrians and freed the northern Italy.
# ) Garibaldi with his armed volunteers called red shirts defeated the Bourbon kings of Spain freeing the kingdom of 2 sicilies.
#) Victory Emmanuel the 2nd defeated the popes of France and freeing the southern region and completing the unification of Italy and he was proclaimed the emperor of united Italy.
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Unification Of Italy
Like Germany, Italy has a long history of political fragmentation.
During the middle of the 19th century, Italy was divided into seven states of which only one state(Sardinia-Piedmont) was ruled by an Italian princely house.
The main leaders of unification process are these three revolutionaries: 1) Giuseppe Mazzini, 2) Count de Cavour and 3) Giuseppe Garibaldi.
→In Italy,
• The north part was ruled by Austrian Habsburg.
• Middle part was under Pope.
• And the Southern part was ruled by Bourbon Dynasty.
→ Later, Giuseppe Mazzini subsequently found two secret societies, Young Italy and Young Europe.
→ With the failure of revolutionaries, the responsibility fell on Sardinia Piedmont under its ruler King Victor Emmanuel-2 to unify the Italian states through war.
→ At the end, Austrian Habsburg were defeated by Cavour with the help of France.
→ Bourbon Dynasty were defeated by the Giuseppe Garibaldi with the support of Peasants.
Hence, Strong nationalist cultural movements and economic development are factors which prepare the ground for Italian unification.