Buddhist literature compiled in which buddhist council
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Buddhist councils
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The First Buddhist council
Lists and numbering of Buddhist councilsvary between and even within schools. The numbering here is normal in Western writings.
First Buddhist council (c. 400 BCE)Edit
Main article: First Buddhist council
According to the scriptures of all Buddhist schools, the first Buddhist Council was held soon after the death of the Buddha, dated by the majority of recent scholars around 400 BCE,[1] under the patronage of the king Ajatashatru with the monk Mahakasyapapresiding, at Sattapanni caves Rajgriha (now Rajgir). Its objective was to preserve the Buddha's sayings (suttas) and the monastic discipline or rules (Vinaya). The Suttas were recited by Ananda, and the Vinaya was recited by Upali. According to D.N. commentary's introduction, the Abhidhamma Pitaka, or its matika, and ancient commentary was also included. Also, the Sangha made the unanimous decision to keep all the rules of the Vinaya, even the lesser and the minor rules.
Scholars of Indian Buddhism have generally tended to dismiss this council as an actual historical event,[2] although many evidences[3]in tipitaka and in atthakatha appeared the tipitaka-memorizers were very serious to keep tipitaka in original form.
The circumstances surrounding the First Buddhist Council are recorded in the Vinaya Pitaka of the early Buddhist schools. The text is called the Recitation of Five-Hundred (Pañcasatikakkhandhaka) because five hundred senior monks were chosen by the community to collect and clarify the Buddha's teachings.
Second Buddhist councilEdit
Main article: Second Buddhist council
The historical records for the so-called "Second Buddhist Council" derive primarily from the canonical Vinayas of various schools. In most cases, these accounts are found at the end of the Skandhaka portion of the Vinaya. While inevitably disagreeing on points of details, they nevertheless agree that the root dispute was points of vinaya or monastic discipline.
The Second Council resulted in the first schism in the Sangha. Modern scholars see this event as probably caused by a group of reformists called Sthaviras who split from the conservative majority Mahāsāṃghikas.[4] This view is supported by the vinaya texts themselves, as vinayas associated with the Sthaviras do contain more rules than those of the Mahāsāṃghika Vinaya.[5]
Virtually all scholars agree that this second council was a historical event.[6] There is no agreement however on the dating of the event or if it was pre or post Ashoka (304–232 BCE).[7]
It was held at Vaishali under the patronage of King Kalasoka and the presidency of Sabakami.
Page issues

The First Buddhist council
Lists and numbering of Buddhist councilsvary between and even within schools. The numbering here is normal in Western writings.
First Buddhist council (c. 400 BCE)Edit
Main article: First Buddhist council
According to the scriptures of all Buddhist schools, the first Buddhist Council was held soon after the death of the Buddha, dated by the majority of recent scholars around 400 BCE,[1] under the patronage of the king Ajatashatru with the monk Mahakasyapapresiding, at Sattapanni caves Rajgriha (now Rajgir). Its objective was to preserve the Buddha's sayings (suttas) and the monastic discipline or rules (Vinaya). The Suttas were recited by Ananda, and the Vinaya was recited by Upali. According to D.N. commentary's introduction, the Abhidhamma Pitaka, or its matika, and ancient commentary was also included. Also, the Sangha made the unanimous decision to keep all the rules of the Vinaya, even the lesser and the minor rules.
Scholars of Indian Buddhism have generally tended to dismiss this council as an actual historical event,[2] although many evidences[3]in tipitaka and in atthakatha appeared the tipitaka-memorizers were very serious to keep tipitaka in original form.
The circumstances surrounding the First Buddhist Council are recorded in the Vinaya Pitaka of the early Buddhist schools. The text is called the Recitation of Five-Hundred (Pañcasatikakkhandhaka) because five hundred senior monks were chosen by the community to collect and clarify the Buddha's teachings.
Second Buddhist councilEdit
Main article: Second Buddhist council
The historical records for the so-called "Second Buddhist Council" derive primarily from the canonical Vinayas of various schools. In most cases, these accounts are found at the end of the Skandhaka portion of the Vinaya. While inevitably disagreeing on points of details, they nevertheless agree that the root dispute was points of vinaya or monastic discipline.
The Second Council resulted in the first schism in the Sangha. Modern scholars see this event as probably caused by a group of reformists called Sthaviras who split from the conservative majority Mahāsāṃghikas.[4] This view is supported by the vinaya texts themselves, as vinayas associated with the Sthaviras do contain more rules than those of the Mahāsāṃghika Vinaya.[5]
Virtually all scholars agree that this second council was a historical event.[6] There is no agreement however on the dating of the event or if it was pre or post Ashoka (304–232 BCE).[7]
It was held at Vaishali under the patronage of King Kalasoka and the presidency of Sabakami.
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