Question

By adopting which reforms in the political system, can be faced with the challenges made against democracy?​

Answer 1

Explanation:

As the Supreme Court has observed, the right to vote is the guarantor of all other rights. The laws and policies we enact as a people are heavily influenced by the electoral laws and policies that govern the political process. Sadly, the American electoral system is in many respects an outlier among Western democracies. USAID would not grant unconditional funding to a country whose democratic design looked like ours.

There is fairly widespread agreement among academics and policymakers about some of the fundamental problems with our democracy. We may quibble about which is the best alternative, but most of us agree that politicians should not have the power to draw their own districts, that money has played a corrosive role in the political process, and that the nuts and bolts of our election system are in dire need of repair

Answer 2

Explanation:

Democracy

As many observers have begun to document, the pandemic is leading to a rapid expansion of executive power around the world, with potentially dramatic implications for democratic space. Over the past month, most countries have restricted public gatherings and citizens’ freedom of movement, and more than fifty countries have declared states of emergency. The severe public health emergency of course requires extraordinary measures. But as the International Center for Not-for-Profit Law has highlighted, such responses should meet basic tests of necessity, transparency, and proportionality. It is also crucial that they be time-bound and subject to periodic review.

There are already signs that some governments are using the crisis to grant themselves more expansive powers than warranted by the health crisis, with insufficient oversight mechanisms, and using their expanded authority to crack down on opposition and tighten their grip on power. Thus, the pandemic may end up hardening repression in already closed political systems, accelerating democratic backsliding in flawed democracies, and further bolstering executive power in democratic countries.

Four interrelated areas of concern stand out in this rush toward new emergency powers and restrictions

Democracy is a core value of the United Nations. The UN supports democracy by promoting human rights, development, and peace and security. In the 75 years since the UN Charter was signed, the UN has done more to support democracy around the world than any other global organization. The UN promotes good governance, monitors elections, supports the civil society to strengthen democratic institutions and accountability, ensures self-determination in decolonized countries, and assists in the drafting of new constitutions in post-conflict nations.

United Nations activities in support of democracy are carried out through the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the United Nations Democracy Fund (UNDEF), the Department of Peace Operations (DPO), the Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs (DPPA), the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR),and the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women), among others.

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