Question

By the first decade of the 20th century, a series of changes affected the pattern of industrialisation in India. Explain.

Answer 1

Answer:

(i) Swadeshi and Boycott Movements : The launching of Swadeshi and Boycott Movements after the Partition of Bengal provided impetus to indian industries. There was an increase in the demand of Indian goods, especially of clothes.

(ii) Industrial groups : Industrial groups had also organised themselves to protect their collective interests, pressurising the government to increase tariff, the protection, and grant other concessions.

(iii) Decline of exports to China : From 1906. moreover, the export of Indian yarn to China declined since produce from Chinese and Japanese mills had flooded the Chinese markets.

• DURING THE WAR INDUSTRIES WERE CALLED UPON TO SUPPLY SOLDIERS FOREIGN IMPORTS WERE CUT OFF... PRODUCTION INCREASED AND THE INDUSTRIES IN INDIA BECAME POWERFUL

Answer 2

By the first decade of the 20th century, a series of changes affected the pattern of industrialisation in India.

These are explained in the following points:-

1. Effect of Swadeshi and Boycott Movement:- After the partition of Bengal, Swadeshi Movement was developed. It has two sides: positive and negative. In the positive side, nationalists urged people to use only Swadeshi goods and in the negative side they mobilised people to boycott foreign goods.

This movement had an immense effect on economy. There was an increase in the demand of Indian goods, specially clothes.

2. Aim of industrial groups:- Industrial groups organised themselves to protect their collective interests. They pressurised the government to increase tariff protection and grant other concessions.

3. Decline of exports to China:- From 1906,: the export of Indian yarn to China declined as produce from Chinese and Japanese mills flooded the Chinese markets. Thus, industrialist in India began shifting from yarn to cloth production. Cotton goods production in India doubled between 1900 and 1912.

4. Result of First World War:- Till the First World War, industrial growth was slow, British mills became busy with war production, thus Manchester imports to India declined. Suddenly, India mills got a vast home market to supply. As the war prolonged, Indian factories had to supply different war needs. This led to set up new factories and multiple shifts for the old factories. Indian industry developed immensely at that period. After the war, Manchester could not recapture its old position in Indian market.