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Explanation:
Studies on human populations indicate that long-term exposure to NO2 levels currently observed in Europe may decrease lung function and increase the risk of respiratory symptoms such as acute bronchitis and cough and phlegm, particularly in children. Even though some studies have shown associations between NO2 exposure and mortality, present evidence is not sufficient to conclude that effects on mortality can be attributed to long-term exposure to NO2 itself (see also 3.3). More...
2.2 NO2 alone has been shown to cause acute health effects in controlled human exposure studies. Studies on human populations have not been able to isolate potential effects of NO2, because of the complex link between concentrations in ambient air of NO2, particulate matter, and ozone. More...
2.3 Several studies have shown that NO2 exposure increases allergic responses to inhaled pollens. More...
2.4 People with asthma and children in general are considered to be more vulnerable to NO2 exposure. More...
2.5 There is no evidence for a threshold for exposure to NO2 below which no effects