Question

C. LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. What is the difference between a plant cell and an animal cell?
2. What is cell theory?
3. What are the different parts of the nucleus and their functions ?
4. Give the functions of the following cell organelles.
(a) Mitochondria
(b) Endoplasmic reticulum
(d) Lysosomes if you know then only say ok otherwise I will reporting you​

Answer 1

1.i. plant cells have a rigid cell wall made of cellulose which gives tugor pressure when the cell goes through hypothesis.

where as the animal cell doesn't has cell wall.

ii.plant cells have a big vacuole in the centre of the cell which store water and other stuff...where as animal cell doesn't have vacuoles or they have very small one's..

iii. plants have special organelles like plastids which give a green colour called chlorophyll which helps the plant to make food that is glucose..which is absent in animal cell

2.By the late 1830s, botanist Matthias Schleiden and zoologist Theodor Schwann were studying tissues and proposed the unified cell theory. ... The unified cell theory states that: all living things are composed of one or more cells; the cell is the basic unit of life; and new cells arise from existing cells.

3.The nucleus is composed of many parts that help it function properly within the cell. The parts that make up the nucleus include the nuclear envelope, nucleolus, and chromosomes/ chromatin.

Nuclear Envelope

Location: The nuclear envelope, also known as the nuclear membrane, encloses the nucleus and nucleolus.

Structure: The nuclear envelope is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with many pores (small holes) that allow RNA and other materials to enter and exit the nucleus.

Function: The many pores in the nuclear envelope allow it to decide what enters and exits the nucleus.

Nucleolus

Location: The nucleolus is located inside of the nucleus. It is surrounded by the nuclear envelope. It is NOT membrane- bound.

Structure: The nucleolus is a dense region in the nucleus composed of DNA, RNA, and proteins.

Function: The nucleolus makes ribosomes. This is a very important job inside of the cell.

4.a) Mitochondria: it is the power house of the cell which produce adenosine triphosphate

b) Endo plasmic reticulum: synthesis of proteins takes place in this organelles

c) Lysosomes: they contain digestive enzymes which protect the cell at times when needed

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Answer 2

Answer no 1:

*plant cell: contains a large vacuole

animal cell: has many small vacuoles

*plant cell: it had a fixed rectangular shape.

animal cell: its shape is mostly round and irregular.

*plant cell:stores energy as starch

animal cell stores energy in the form of complex carbohydrates and glycogen

*plant cell : nucleus is present in one side of the cell.

animal cell : nucleus is present in the center of the cell.

Answer no 2:

Cell theory is the scientific theory now universally accepted that cells are the basic structural and organizational unit of life.

Answer no 3:

● Nuclear envelope: the pores in allow it to decide what enters and exits the nucleus.

● Nucleolus: It makes ribosomes.

● Chromosomes: It contains the DNA of the cell. It is the code for the functions that occur in the cell.

● Ribosomes: it is responsible for the formation of proteins.

Answer no 4:

1. It provides energy to the cell.

2. It is important in synthesis, folding, modification and transport of protein.

3. It breaks down the macromolecules.

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