calculate the dose of 18 month child by using frieds formula when adult dose is 500m
60 mg
80 mg
40 mg
30 mg
Answers
Answer:
Most drugs in children are dosed according to body weight (mg/kg) or body surface area (BSA) (mg/m2). Care must be taken to properly convert body weight from pounds to kilograms (1 kg= 2.2 lb) before calculating doses based on body weight. Doses are often expressed as mg/kg/day or mg/kg/dose, therefore orders written "mg/kg/d," which is confusing, require further clarification from the prescriber.
Chemotherapeutic drugs are commonly dosed according to body surface area, which requires an extra verification step (BSA calculation) prior to dosing. Medications are available in multiple concentrations, therefore orders written in "mL" rather than "mg" are not acceptable and require further clarification.
Dosing also varies by indication, therefore diagnostic information is helpful when calculating doses. The following examples are typically encountered when dosing medication in children.
Example 1.
Calculate the dose of amoxicillin suspension in mLs for otitis media for a 1-yr-old child weighing 22 lb. The dose required is 40 mg/kg/day divided BID and the suspension comes in a concentration of 400 mg/5 mL.
Step 1. Convert pounds to kg: 22 lb × 1 kg/2.2 lb = 10 kg
Step 2. Calculate the dose in mg: 10 kg × 40 mg/kg/day = 400 mg/day
Step 3. Divide the dose by the frequency: 400 mg/day ÷ 2 (BID) = 200 mg/dose BID
Step 4. Convert the mg dose to mL: 200 mg/dose ÷ 400 mg/5 mL = 2.5 mL BID