calculate the effective nuclear charge on a 3p electrons in chlorine.
I need calculation not a definition
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Effective nuclear charge” is a concept that helps to understand how strongly the outer-shell electrons are held by the atom.
It wants you to think of the nucleus plus all the non-outer-shell electrons as a single body, with the outer-shell electrons outside. The charge on that body is the effective nuclear charge. The inner electron shells are essentially shielding the outer shell from “feeling” the full charge of the nucleus.
The value is obtained adding the charges on the nucleus and all the non-outer-shell electrons.
So a chlorine atom, atomic number 17:
The nucleus has a charge of +17
The electron configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5.
The outer shell is #3. If you count all the other electrons (in shells #1 and #2), you find 10. Ten electrons have a combined charge of -10.
So the effective nuclear charge = +17 + (-10) = +7.
You’ll get the same answer if you simply count (not charge) the number of electrons in the outer shell. For Cl, that would be the 3s2 3p5: 2 + 5 = 7.
If it’s not immediately obvious why that is true, think about it and try to work it out. It will help your overall understanding of atomic structure and periodic properties.
Answer:
calculate the effective nuclear charge on a 3p electrons in chlorine.
I need calculation not a definition