Question

can anyone give notes of photosynthesis in higher plants class 11?​

Answer 1

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Photosynthesis is a process used by plants in which energy from sunlight is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into molecules needed for growth. These molecules include sugars, enzymes and chlorophyll. Light energy is absorbed by the green chemical chlorophyll.”

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Answer 2

Answer:

CHAPTER-13

Photosynthesis in higher plants class 11 Notes Biology

Photosynthesis is a physico-chemical process by which green plants use light energy to drive the synthesis of organic compounds. It is an enzyme regulated anabolic process.

Photosynthesis is the basis of life on earth because it is the primary source of all food on earth and it is responsible for release of in the atmosphere.

Chlorophyll, light and is required for photosynthesis. It occurs only in green part of leaves and in presence of light.

Early Experiments

Joseph Priestley in 1770, on the basis of his experiments showed the essential role of air in growth of green plants. A mouse kept in closed space could get suffocated and die but if a mint plant is kept in bell jar neither candle will extinguish nor will the mouse die. He concluded that foul air produced by animal is converted into pure air by plants. Priestley discovered Oxygen gas in 1774.

Julius Von Sachs in 1854 shows that green part in plants produces glucose which is stored as starch. Starch is the first visible product of photosynthesis.

T.W.Engelmann (1843-1909) used prism to split light into its components and then illuminated Cladophora (an algae) placed in a suspension of aerobic bacteria. He found that bacteria accumulated in blue and red light of the split spectrum. He thus discovered the effect of different wavelength of light on photosynthesis (action spectrum).

Cornelius Van Neil (1897-1985) on the basis of studies with purple and green sulphur bacteria showed that photosynthesis is a light dependent reaction in which hydrogen from an oxidisable compound reduces to form sugar.

In green sulphur bacteria, when , instead of was used as hydrogen donor, no was evolved. He inferred that evolved by green plants comes from but not from as thought earlier.

Where Does Photosynthesis Takes Place?

Chloroplasts are green plastids which function as the site of photosynthesis in eukaryotic photoautotrophs. Inside the leaves, chloroplast is generally present in mesophyll cells along their walls.

Within the chloroplast there is a membranous system consisting of grana, the stroma lamellae and the fluid stroma.

The membrane system is responsible for synthesizing light energy for the synthesis of ATP and NADPH. In stroma enzymatic reactions incorporate in plants leading to synthesis of sugar.

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